Zoonotic infections in Europe: trends and figures - a summary of the EFSA-ECDC annual report

Denny, Justin; Boelaert, Frank; Borck, Birgitte; Heuer, Ole Eske; Ammon, Andrea; Mäkelä, P

doi:10.2807/esw.12.51.03336-en

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The incidence of non-foodborne infections in the UK is estimated at around 4.5 million cases per year, the largest proportion of which are norovirus infections transmitted easily from person to person within community groups [18]. The Zoonoses Report published by EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in 2007 estimated that one third of the populations in developed countries are affected by foodborne diseases every year [19,20]. In a 1999 review Sattar et al stated that as many as 99% of these infections go unreported because of the relatively mild symptoms; the true impact of foodborne illness is thus difficult to determine [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lebensmittelbedingte Krankheitsausbrüche, Österreich 2007

Much

Pichler

Kasper

et al. 2009

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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In 2007 Austria reported a total of 438 foodborne outbreaks affecting 1715 people, including 286 hospitalized patients and one death. Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. accounted for 95% of all reported outbreaks. Forty-eight (11%) of the 438 Austrian outbreaks were acquired abroad. Of the 390 domestically acquired foodborne outbreaks, bacterial infection caused 376, viruses (norovirus and 1-time hepatitis A virus) caused 11, and intoxications (Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, alkaloid toxins) caused two. In one outbreak the causative agent was unknown. Salmonella spp. caused 264 (70%) of the bacterial outbreaks, Campylobacter spp. caused 104 (28%), enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC O145:H-, O157:H-, O157:H7, O182: H49, O91:H7, ONT:H4) caused six, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei each caused two. The hospitalization rates were 22% for domestically acquired infections with Salmonella spp. and 14% for Campylobacter spp. Among outbreaks where the source was known, eggs were implicated in 49%, meat products (especially poultry) in 44% and fish in 2%. The ratio of household outbreaks to general outbreaks was 82.3% to 17.7%. In 54 of the 62 general domestic outbreaks the following locations of exposure were documented: commercial food suppliers (e.g. restaurants, cafeterias) 24 times, family celebrations, nursery schools, take-aways and barbecues 22 times, nursing homes and hospitals eight times. It is likely that the relatively high number of household outbreaks reflects an insufficient level of epidemiological investigation of outbreaks in Austria. More resources may be needed for identification of individual clusters that belong to larger foodborne outbreaks exceeding district or provincial borders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lebensmittelbedingte Krankheitsausbrüche, Österreich 2007

Much

Pichler

Kasper

et al. 2009

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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“…2 Ó URBAN & VOGEL[9]. In the USA, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) collects data from ten States on diseases caused by enteric pathogens commonly transmitted through food.…”

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confidence: 99%

Etiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Three Sentinel General Practices, Austria 2007

et al. 2008

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“…These results were consistent with results reported by the US Food and Drug Administration report 45 where percentages of resistance were greater in isolates of veterinary origin than those from human origin. Similarly, Denny et al 9 found that all S. Enteritidis isolates from humans in Europe were sensitive to all tested antimicrobials including nalidixic acid, sulphonamides, and ampicillin. In contrast, Fernandez et al 35 reported that S. Enteritidis isolates from hospitalized patients in Brazil exhibited a broader spectrum of antibiotic resistance profiles than the non-human isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…respectively. 9,10 Within the genus Salmonella, S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium serovars are considered the major etiologic agents of foodborne illnesses. 11 Poultry products still represent one of the major sources of salmonellosis worldwide 12 with horizontal transmission as the major contributing factor of Salmonella contamination of the poultry products and their processing plants.…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Virulence and Resistance Profiles Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of virulence and resistance profiles ofSalmonellaEnteritidis isolates from poultry meat and foodborne outbreaks in northern Jordan

et al. 2014

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This study was conducted to isolate Salmonella Enteritidis from poultry samples and compare their virulence and antibiotic resistance profiles to S. Enteritidis isolated from outbreaks in northern Jordan. Two hundred presumptive isolates were obtained from 302 raw poultry samples and were subjected to further analysis and confirmation. A phylogenic tree based on 16S rRNA sequencing was constructed and selected isolates representing each cluster were further studied for their virulence in normal adult Swiss white mice. The most virulent strains were isolated from poultry samples and had an LD 50 of 1.55 × 10 (5) CFU, while some of the outbreak isolates were avirulent in mice. Antibiotic resistance profiling revealed that the isolates were resistant to seven of eight antibiotics screened with each isolate resistant to multiple antibiotics (from two to six). Of the poultry isolates, 100%, 88.9%, 77.8%, 66.7%, and 50% showed resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, cephalothin, and cefoperazone, respectively. Two outbreak isolates were sensitive to all tested antibiotics, while 71.4% were resistant to cefoperazone and only 28.6% showed resistance to nalidixic acid. Salmonella outbreak isolates were genetically related to poultry isolates as inferred from the 16S rRNA sequencing, yet were phenotypically different. Although outbreak strains were similar to poultry isolates, when tested in the mouse model, some of the outbreak isolates were highly virulent while others were avirulent. This might be due to a variation in susceptibility of the mouse to different S. Enteritidis isolates.

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Zoonotic infections in Europe: trends and figures - a summary of the EFSA-ECDC annual report

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Lebensmittelbedingte Krankheitsausbrüche, Österreich 2007

Lebensmittelbedingte Krankheitsausbrüche, Österreich 2007

Etiology of Acute Gastroenteritis in Three Sentinel General Practices, Austria 2007

Comparative analysis of virulence and resistance profiles ofSalmonellaEnteritidis isolates from poultry meat and foodborne outbreaks in northern Jordan

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