This* study* aims* to* examine* and* develop* an* investigation* method* for* language* data* from* a* discourse* found* in* a* * previous* study.* The* object* of* research* is* in* the* form* of* Indonesian*narrative*text*dated*early*20th*century.*First*of*all,*the*method*of*obtaining* discourse*language*data*focusing*on*"power"*Nodal*Point*(NP)*was*examined.*When*the* results* revealed* some* similarities* and* a* few* differences,* several* questions* investigating*language*data*were*developed*by*focusing*on*slightly*different*NP,*that*is* "counter* discourse* of* power".* After* discussing* the* context* and* describes* what* is* contained*in*the*Indonesian*narrative*texts,*the*results*reveal*that*power*discourse*in* Indonesian*narrative**texts* was* still* a* continuity* of* power* discourse* in* colonial* texts,* with* a* little* difference* in* emphasis.* Furthermore,* language* data* investigated* from* "counter* discourse* of* power"* show* that* the* Indonesian* narrative* texts* contained* criticism*toward*tradition*and*people*who*followed*the*western*way*of*life.*

This study aims (1) to explain the learning outcomes of Mind Map applications to improve the ability of Grade XI students of the Department of Network Computer Engineering at SMK Negeri 3 Makassar in producing procedure texts and (2) to explain and analyze the effectiveness of Mind map applications to improve the ability of SMK Negeri 3 Makassar students in producing procedure texts. This type of research is a class action or abbreviated with CAR. In this study there were no comparison classes. The experimental class as well as the control class. In its implementation several cycles are applied. The results showed: (1) An increase in student learning outcomes during the learning process took place with the learning of Mind map applications. Learning outcomes in the first cycle obtained an average value of 74.75 and the second cycle reached an average value of 84.06. Improved mastery learning outcomes classically is 31.25% with an average value of 9.31 and the final test score classically is 90.03. (2) With the Mind Mind application learning and teaching psychology approach to students, this proves that the mastery of learning to improve student competence in producing procedural texts has reached the specified KKM that is 75% and has been effective and the results are very good compared to learning with methods conventional.

This study aims to describe cultural discourse in Indonesian humor. Cultural discourse is the relationship between the meaning of a dialogue context and the cultural context of the listener or recipient of humor. Indonesia is a nation that has a distinctive humor and rhetorical style. Rhetoric style like this is one type of stylistic aspect in communication. The purpose of this research is formulated to 1) to show cultural discourse of humor in dialogues and it category, and 2) to describe the respondent's perception of humor in dialogue as a means of entertainment. The data of this research are humorous discourses in the form of dialogues which are very often found in social interactions and social media. Data analysis was carried out by using Berger's theory of humor. This theory divides humor into categories based on the dialogues in humor. The results showed that the humor category was divided into language category 14 (56%) following logic category 8 (32%), and identity category 3 (12%). Of respondents' perceptions, very funny was at 55.6%, followed by funny 33.3%, and quite funny only reached 11.1%. This perception is closely related to the respondent's cultural conception. The implication of this research shows that humorous discourse has a rhetorical structure and pattern of expression so as to create a sense of humor that is entertaining for readers and listeners.

The stereotype is a problem that we found when examining Michel Houllebecq's work entitled Soumission. As a form of prejudice against a particular ethnic / race or group, in this case, an Islamic group, this discourse is wrapped up in story elements. Therefore, to prove this thesis, this study is entitled "Islamic Stereotypes in Soumission by Michel Houllebecq". The aim is to describe the stereotypes of Islam that were built in the Soumission. The data collected was carried out using Albertine Minderop's characterization approach, namely: direct characterization (telling) and indirect characterization (showing), and also using the Luxembourg functional theory, connection events, and reference events by combining the concepts of Barthes sequences. The results showed that in the elements of the story, such as characters and characterizations as well as the flow of events showed Islamic stereotypes; that Islam is synonymous with terrorism, Islam legalizes polygamy, (women) Islam is fanatical about its religion, and Islam restricts women's rights.

Discourses are defined as ideas conveyed by humans through language using a series of sentences in a co-text and context. Co-text is the cohesive and coherent relationship between a series of written words, phrases, sentences, in a paragraph. Generally, the contexts are understood more broadly even beyond the boundaries of language, therefore, it is considered non- linguistic. It is also the circumstances behind an idea used as a reference for understanding language expression. In colonial discourse, ideas are conveyed through narrative texts which express the real situation and time of the existing reality. Similarly, the use of discourse markers in the form of words, phrases, or sentences also represents the condition of the real context that is socio- historical and socio-cultural. This article, therefore, discusses the concept of context in texts with the application of colonial discourse projected from Indies Literary.