The communicative approach in language learning emphasizes on the mastery of language pro iciency. Communicative approach is based on some psychological theories of language and learning. The purpose of language learning, according to this approach, is factual communication, where students can use foreign language as a communication tool. In other words, the purpose of this approach is that students have the competence to communicate in a language they have learned in a variety of social situations. Communicative approach is also called the functional approach, in which the language is used as its functions. This article describes the application of communicative approach for teaching Arabic in Indonesian contexts. ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣلخﺺ
The purpose of this study is to identify the contribution of agriculture to the Afghanistan economy by examining the experience of 34 provinces as documented in commissioned case studies and various secondary sources (CSO directory, FAO reports, government publications, USAID reports, NGO reports, journals, and websites) for the period 2016 - 2017. Agriculture is the backbone of the Afghan economy, the contributions of agriculture to the country's gross demotic product (GDP) is 23% in 2017, while the labor force engaged in this sector is around 61.6%. The annual growth rate in Afghanistan is predictable 3.6%. Afghanistan produces organic fruits, nuts, grain, vegetables and livestock products including cashmere, skin, wool, and a significant amount of these commodities is moving towards the export market. Agriculture represents about one-quarter of national GDP and is the second largest sector after services. Over the 70 % of the population are poor living in rural areas, and agriculture plays a significant role in their livelihoods. The most Afghan farms are very small, and their productivity is low over the years that farmers produce to satisfy the food needs of their household, with limited agricultural production entering commercial marketing channels and the trade account deficit overall. The GDP including opium was US$ 20.3 billion with GDP per capita of US$ 697. The agricultural sector is entirely run by private enterprises, including farmers, cooperatives, input suppliers, herders, agribusiness processors, and exporters.
Learning Arabic is more dominant as a skill than a Science. The learners’ goals are able to use Arabic both spoken and written well and correctly. While HOTS is more dominant in requiring learners to think integrally. Therefore, it is important to consider the extent to which the Ministerial Regulation accommodates HOTS through a study of the basic competence of Arabic contained in it. This study is a literature review of the basic competence of Arabic in the Decree of the Minister of Religion (KMA) number 183 in 2019 in HOTS perspective. The object of this study is the basic competence of Arabic in KMA 183 in 2019. The result shows the basic competence of Arabic in KMA 183 in 2019 to accommodate the ability in higher order thinking such as problem solving, critical thinking, and reasoning. While the Basic Competence in KMA didn’t achieve creative thinking and decision making.
Pemerolehan bahasa merupakan proses yang dialami manusia dalam perkembangan bahasanya. Pemerolehan ini bersifat alami.Pokok masalah dalam artikel ini adalah 1) Bagaimana teori pemerolehan bahasa dalam perspektif psiklinguistik dan Alquran. 2) Bagaimana proses pemerolehan bahasa dalam perspektif psiklinguistik dan Alquran. Sedangkan tujuan penulisan ini adalah 1) mendeskripsikan teori pemerolehan bahasa dalam perspektif psiklinguistik dan Alquran. 2) mendeskripsikan proses pemerolehan bahasa dalam perspektif psiklinguistik dan Alquran.Tiga teori telah membahas secara cermat terhadap pemerolehan bahasa ini, yaitu teori behavioristik, teori nativis dan fungsional. Sementara itu, berbagai kajian tersebut juga telah dibahas oleh Alquran.Teori behavioristik mengatakan bahwa pemerolehan bahasa melalui perilaku verbal, yaitu dengan adanya stimulus lalu kemudian direspon dan pada akhirnya menumbulkan bahasa. Sedang teori nativis mengatakan bahwa pemerolehan bahasa dengan kapasitas genetik yang mempengaruhi kemampuan kita dalam memahami bahasa di sekitar kita, yang hasilnya adalah sebuah konstruksi sistem bahasa yang tertanam dalam diri kita. Sementara teori fungsional mengatakan bahwa pemerolehan bahasa bergantung kepada perkembangan kognitif. Jadi, seseorang berdasar output bahasa, lalu memprosesnya dengan memberi makna dan pada akhirnya melahirkan bahasa sebagai input. Adapun dalam Alquran, proses pemerolehan bahasa dengan ujaran dan stimulus yang didapat dari luar. Kemudian disambut oleh potensi yang dimiliki dan dibantu dengan piranti yang ada. Kemudian, manusia mencerna pesan yang sampai dan mengolahnya dengan proses berpikir dan memori yang dimiliki. Lalu diteruskan dengan memahaminya dan pada akhirnya tercipta bahasa ‘baru’.
This study aims to explain the role of IMLA in developing Arabic teacher competences. Indeed a teacher is a precious profession, carrying valuable tasks to educate and build character of the nation. Teacher is a precious profession to create a good life. Therefore, teacher should develop their competences including Arabic language teacher. The intended competences in Arabic language learning are language competence, communicative competence, and cultural competence. IMLA is the abbreviation of (Ittiha> d Mudarrisi al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah), a organization established to build and develop Arabic teachers' competences in Indonesia. This opportunity is given to Arabic teachers in IMLA organization to affiliate with its agendas, management, and association in local, national, and international scope. There are many information will be gained through the various agendas to develop teachers' competence. For the example is like attending seminars, workshops, and other trainings held by the organization. IMLA organization is able to connect local teachers and lecturers to the foreign ones especially from Arabic emirate countries.Keywords: profession, teacher, competency, IMLA Abstrak Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran IMLA dalam pengembangan kompetensi guru bahasa Arab. Sesungguhnya profesi guru adalah profesi yang strategis, guru mengemban tugas yang mulia untuk mencerdaskan dan membangun karakter bangsa. Guru juga adalah profesi yang mulia untuk mewujudkan kehidupan yang baik. Oleh karena itu, guru harus mengembangkan kompetensinya, termasuk guru bahasa Arab. Dan kompetensi yang dimaksud dalam pengajaran bahasa Arab adalah kompetensi bahasa, kompetensi komunikatif, dan komptensi budaya. IMLA adalah singkatan dari (Ittiha> d Mudarrisi al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah), merupakan organisasi yang bergerak untuk membangun dan mengembangkan komptensi guru-guru bahasa Arab di Indonesia. Kesempatan ini ditujukan untuk guru-guru bahasa Arab dalam organisasi IMLA untuk bergabung dalam kegiatannya, kepengurusannya, dan juga asosiasinya baik dalam lingkup lokal, nasional, maupun internasional. Banyak wawasan dan informasi yang didapat dalam berbagai kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru. Misalnya, mengikuti kegiatan seminar, workshop, dan pelatihan lainnya yang diselenggarakan oleh organisasi profesi. Organisasi IMLA juga dapat menghubungkan para pengajar (guru/dosen) dari luar negeri terutama dari jazirah Arab.
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