Paper deals with the spatial distribution, commercial structure and functions of newly built shopping centers and hypermarkets in Zagreb. Research has included mapping of all newly built shopping centers and hypermarkets, classification of their commercial and other functions according to numbers of business premises in them, and questionnaire survey conducted in three shopping centers on different locations in Zagreb. Questionnaire survey has been done in order to understand how visitors perceive shopping centers concerning their functions and urban location.Key words: retail, shopping centers, hypermarkets, transition, spatial distribution, Zagreb, Croatia LOKACIJA IN FUNKCIJA HIPERMARKETOV IN NAKUPNIH SREDIŠČ V ZAGREBU IzvlečekČlanek obravnava prostorsko razmestitev, funkcijsko strukturo in funkcije nakupovalnih središč in hipermarketov v Zagrebu. Raziskava je zajela vsa nova nakupovalna središča , ki so klasificirana glede na njihovo funkcijsko in drugo zgradbo, glede na število dejavnosti na osnovi podatkov vprašalnika na različnih lokacijah v Zagrebu.Raziskava s vprašalnikom je bila zastavljena tako, da bi lahko ovrednotili nakupna središča glede na njihove funkcije in lokacije v Zgrebu.Ključne besede: trgovina na drobno, nakupovalno središče, hipermaket, tranzicija, prostorska razporeditev, Zagreb, Hrvaška
Plurality is considered to be one of the most important indicators of rurality in the contemporary society. But in what sense can plurality and diversified geographic context of countryside make a difference for development of farm tourism, if any? This paper aims to explore the significance of rural diversity of Croatia for farm diversification into leisure-orientated activities. The main method is comparison of spatial distribution of those farms, on the one hand, and seven different types of rural areas, on the other. Among others, the results indicate the significance of overall (mass) tourism development along the coast for development of tourism on agricultural households. Furthermore, age and education are confirmed as important factor in the process.Sažetak: Pluralnost je jedan od najznačajnjih suvremenih obilježja ruralnosti. No imaju li pluralnost i diverzificiranost geografskih obilježja ruralnih područja utjecaja na razvoj turizma na seljačkim domaćinstvima? Cilj ovog istraživanja jest istraživanje važnosti različitih tipova ruralnih područja za diverzifikaciju seljačkih domaćinstava i pružanje turističkih sličnih usluga. Osnovna istraživačka metoda jest usporedba prostornog razmještaja takvih domaćinstava s sedam različitih tipova ruralnih područja koji su određeni tehnikama multivarijatne (faktorske i klaster) analize. Rezultati, među ostalim, upućuju na značaj koji za pojavu i razvoj turizma na seljačkim domaćinstvima ima masovni kupališni turizam u priobalju. Također, potvrđena je važna uloga dobne i obrazovne strukture stanovništva.Ključne riječi: turizam na seljačkim domaćinstvima, ruralni turizam, seoski turizam, tipologija, ruralna područja, faktorska analiza, klaster analiza, tourism.
5U radu je pobliže razmotreno pulsiranje razvoja hrvatskoga zadrugarstva tijekom više od 150 godina duge tradicije njegova djelovanja, recentni razvojni trendovi i prostorno diferencirana razvijenost u suvremenom razdoblju. Rezultati pokazuju da je, unatoč dugoj tradiciji, hrvatsko zadrugarstvo u recentnom razdoblju suočeno s nizom razvojnih problema. Temeljni je uzrok takva stanja neodgovarajuća pravna regulativa -neusklađenost zakona o zadrugama i korelativnih zakona koji su relevantni za funkcioniranje zadružnoga poduzetništva, što se nepovoljno odražava na sve zadružne sektore, posebno na poljoprivredno zadrugarstvo kao njegov najrazvijeniji sektor. Rezultat je toga marginalan doprinos zadrugarstva gospodarsko-socijalnom razvoju demografski sve više destabiliziranih ruralnih područja države.Ključne riječi: zadrugarstvo, zadruge, poljoprivredne zadruge, Hrvatska, Europa This paper closely examines the fluctuations in development of agricultural cooperatives in Croatia during their 150-year-long tradition, as well as recent development trends, and spatially-differentiated development in the contemporary era. The results show that, despite the long tradition, contemporary Croatian cooperatives have been faced with a series of development problems. The main cause of that situation is inadequate legislation -a poorly adjusted law on cooperatives and correlative laws that are relevant for the functioning of cooperative entrepreneurship. This reflects unfavourably in all cooperative sectors, specifically agricultural cooperatives as its most developed sector. This has resulted in a marginal contribution of cooperatives to the socioeconomic development of the nation's demographically ever more destabilised rural areas. UvodSuvremeni ruralni prostor Hrvatske karakterizira više ili manje duboka kriza gospodarskoga, socijalnoga i demografskoga razvoja, koja se odražava u sve izrazitijoj atrofiji naseljenosti, posebno intenzivnoj u područjima ruralne periferije. O opsegu i dubini kriznih obilježja razvojnih procesa svjedoči podatak da se, prema postojećem indeksu razvijenosti, čak 58,2 % jedinica lokalne samouprave (upravnih gradova i općina) nalazi ispod praga od 75 % prosječne razvijenosti Hrvatske, od čega 10,5 % ispod praga od 50 % razvijenosti države.1 Pritom se -ovisno o geografskom položaju (posebno udaljenosti od razvijenijih gradova, kao žarišta prostornoga razvoja) te smjeru i intenzitetu razvojnih procesa -problemi i razvojni izgledi pojedinih jedinica lokalne samouprave znatno razlikuju. Te se razlike neposredno očituju u raznovrsnosti prostorne strukture, odnosno mozaičnom krajoliku ruralnih područja, a potkrjepljuje ih recentna tipologija ruralnih i urbaniziranih naselja Hrvatske (usp. Lukić, 2012).Negativni razvojni trendovi u ruralnim područjima uzročno su najuže povezani s krizom poljoprivrede, tradicionalno najvažnijom gospodarskom granom s nadređenim utjecajem na razvojne procese i stabilizaciju izvangradskih područja. Od početka tranzicijskoga razdoblja razvoj hrvatske poljoprivrede opterećen je ni...
This paper provides an in-depth analysis of community gardens in a (post)socialist setting during a time of key changes in their perception and management. Community gardens in Zagreb emerged in two specific economic and socio-cultural contexts and a diachronous approach to the study of urban gardens offers a unique insight into differences and similarities reflecting and contrasting those periods. Semistructured interviews and non-participatory observation were employed in the study. The results show that community gardens in Zagreb are multilayered places which satisfy diverse needs of the urban residents, including home grown food, socializing, recreation, contact with the nature, and even supplementation for low pensions. They can also be seen as examples of heterotopias or alternative spaces during both examined periods. In the socialist period they were secluded, private, pseudo-rural places in a semi-authoritarian, communal, and (supposedly) urban and industrial society. In post-socialist Zagreb, characterized by an uncontrolled and unplanned spatial context reliant on neoliberal market-oriented principles, social insensitivity and exclusion, the new gardens are depicted as beacons of communal involvement, grassroots movements, and the ability of citizens to stand together and make their voices heard.
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