Sulphonamide is considered a turning point for therapeutic science. Structural changes in sulphonamide can lead to the formation of various drugs used for combating different diseases. Sulphonamide can be used in different applications, such as, antitumor agents, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, anti-bacterials, hypoglycaemic agents, protease inhibitors, and diuretics. The most important thing for this assay is to find a modified approach to assess sulphonamide by utilizing an organic reaction that depends on a process of coupling between our target material (sulphonamide) with 4-amino antipyrine in basic media of phosphate buffer (pH = 11.3), forming a colored complex containing a higher molar absorptivity (wavelength = 457 nanometers). A preliminary investigation test was done to determine the typical condition for this reaction to determine the concentration curve for the interval 8.25 × 10-9 to 1.15 × 10-2 ppm, and the absorptivity molar was 2.1 × 104 L.mol-1.cm-1, RSD value greater than 1.12%, with a percentage of recovery of approximately 99.88%. We obtained the result and got the approved mole ratio for this reaction about 1:1 (sulphonamide:diazotized amino compound); the value of the stability factor reached 2.8 × 106 L.mol-1. This proposal could be used for a fair assessment for sulphonamide determination, which has different advantages, such as, low-cost economy, no need for an expert, simplicity, no need for more time, and high-quality results in the requirement of rapid and excellent determination. This approach can be utilized for validation of sulphonamide in different active biological samples with higher efficiency.

The present research aimed to evaluate and select faba bean stable genotypes with high productivity across diverse irrigation systems (i. e. surface, drip, and sprinkler irrigation systems). Twenty genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replicates at three different irrigation systems during two successive seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 representing six environments. The genotypes were evaluated for seed yield and its related traits. Two common methods used for multi-environment experiments, i.e., the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), and genotype plus genotype environment interaction (GGE) biplot. The ANOVA for AMMI model revealed highly significant differences among tested genotypes, investigated environments (irrigation systems), and genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) for measured traits except thrashing percentage that showed insignificant GEI. Moreover, partitioning the GEI by AMMI analysis revealed that the first two terms of AMMI (IPCA1 and IPCA2; Interaction Principal Components Axis term 1 to 2, respectively) were significant for all studied traits except thrashing percentage, which IPCA2 was nonsignificant. Interestingly, the effect of environments (E) and GEI are more than four and three times the effect of genotypes (G) in seed yield trait, respectively. The GGE biplot analysis revealed negative correlations among each pair of environments in most cases, especially sprinkler irrigations (Spr-1 and Spr-2) showed long vectors from the origin. For seed yield, most of the high yielding genotypes were adapted to drip and surface irrigation environments which had mean performance above the average. Based on this, drip irrigation system comes first, then surface irrigation and last sprinkler irrigation. The genotypes G06, G08, G10, G13, G16, G18, and G20 could be considered as high yielding and stable genotypes across environments, G15 was the superior one but had great variability (unstable).

In Upper Egypt, especially in the limestone carbonates scarp, groundwater is contains sulfate salts, which are considered more difficult to remove by conventional treatment plants for freshwater, used for drinking, domestic and industrial purposes. The study aims to prepare a reasonable adsorbent composite from Egyptian organo-kaolinite and prepared chitosan to remove the excess of sulfate ions from Assiut groundwater wells. Therefore, the modified organo-kaolinite was treated with prepared modified chitosan as a composite media filtration to treat groundwater. In this study, the prepared chitosan was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its efficiency for removing sulfate have been tested through batch and experimental column studies.The results revealed that the adsorption of sulfate ions is optimum at pH range 4-8. The maximum sulfate ions adsorption capacities were found 2.88 mg/g, after about 65 min contact time. The regeneration study illustrated that the prepared composite could be used up to 5 times with maximum sulfate ions percentage removal of 62.33%, achieved after the 5th cycle. The Chitosan modified kaolin clay mineral showed 152 A.

The compound of Tyrosine (Tyr) is considered one of the most important aromatic amino acids for the human body, also it is very important and so vital to success for the process of neurotransmitter synthesis. The main aim of this paper was to improve and modified procedure for ultra-micro assessment of Tyrosine compound through a reaction of coupling between our target material Tyrosine and diazotized solution of 4-amino antipyrine in basic medium to yield a salt complex with a higher absorptivity at 455 nm. A group of parameters has been done in order to evaluate the typical conditions. The standard calibration curve has been done to the concentration range (8.09x10-7 -1.11x10-1 μg/mL), also the value for absorptivity of molar founded 1.7x103 L.mol-1.cm-1, besides we found that (R.S.D.) value was less than1.12% and the value of recovery it is 99.78%. Mole ratio appeared as 1:1 (Tyrosine: 4amino antipyrine), the value of the stability factor reached to 1.6x107L.mol-1. Our proposed procedure confirmed a group of merits such as simplicity, not need time, not necessarily providing expertise person to do this work and could be recommended for ultra-micro determination of tyrosine in all fields. This method could be properly validated for the assessment of tyrosine in biological samples.