This study aims to determine the effect of using clinical pathways to control total actual hospital costs for BPJS patients who undergo a cesarean section. The method used in this research is action research. The results showed that the average actual hospital costs were significantly higher after the application of CP with p = 0.019. The average length of stay, service costs, and hospital costs were significantly lower in the entire CP form group with p = 0.012, p = 0.013, and p = 0.012. In conclusion, this study shows that the application of clinical pathways can reduce the length of hospitalization and actual hospital costs for cesarean section patients and indicates that clinical pathways can make services more efficient.   Keywords: Hospital Costs, Clinical Pathway, Caesarean Section

This study aimed to determine the effect of applying the flipped classroom model to students ' learning Keywords: Flipped Classroom, Quasi Experiment, Oxidation-Reduction Reaction, Learning OutcomesCurrently, a wide range of reforms undertaken to improve the quality of education. To improve the quality of education needed a breakthrough both in curriculum development, learning innovation, and fulfillment of educational facilities and infrastructure. To enhance the learning process, the teachers are required to make the learning to be more innovative to encourage students to learn optimally both in self-learning and learning in the classroom.Traditional learning methods in schools is involving teachers more actively provide information, so that the students were only acting as an agent passive learners. The learning implementation must change, students should be given an active role and be a partner in the learning process so that students become active learner agent. While the teacher becomes a facilitator and creative mediator. It is a

This article examines the internet and social media which are increasingly used by the public, especially among teenagers.  Through digital technology, people are constantly connected to each other. Along with the rise of various risky behaviors and crimes that use information technology, both as a means and a target. Based on doctrinal studies, the results show that regulations related to information technology and the internet have not yet reached digital platform providers in creating a secure digital space.  Sanctions and penalties for law violations and crimes are only intended for social media users. Efforts to create a safe and civilized digital space are carried out through policy breakthroughs, both at the ministry level and law enforcement agencies.   The vulnerability of adolescents to threats in the digital space needs to be overcome with the support of the family as the smallest unit of society, through strengthening digital literacy.  Digital skills are expected to improve youth's ability to use the internet and social media for productive and useful activities. Digital literacy policies for teenagers are not only the responsibility of the state, but also the community, educators, and families.

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