Since people living in a karst area periodically face a crisis due to a lack of fresh water, it is necessary to re-evaluate the ability to use water resources. An appropriate and effective management is required to use available water resource sustainably. We describe a management process of exploring underground river in karst region as water resources. The activities completed included four phases, namely exploration, pre-lifting activities, the water lifting and post-lifting activities. The exploration phase included speleological surveys and data collection for the cave mouth using remote sensing instrument. The pre-lifting was done to prepare various requirements before the lifting process was completed. The water lifting phase consisted of the construction of an underground river dam, the installation of submersible pumps, the construction of reservoirs and the installation of piping to connect to the public hydrant. The post-lifting phase was mainly conducted to organise water distribution evenly. This management model was evidenced to successfully overcome drought in Pucung village by providing fresh water to the local community. Moreover, this model promoted residents’ cost savings by reducing their expenses for buying water from IDR 50,000/m3 to IDR 3,500/m3 (1,300 percent).

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The congruence of learning outcomes and learning achievement test instrument need to be appropriate so that graduates are competent. To evaluate the process of developing learning outcome tests and content validity in the Diploma Program of Polytechnics Health Jakarta II. Survey, descriptive and cross sectional. Collecting data about the validation of learning outcome test questions is done by looking at how the lecturer develops the learning outcomes test and the quality of the test instrument. The development of learning outcomes test questions was carried out with a questionnaire on 40 lecturers randomly selected and content validity data obtained from the exam questions and semester learning plan one expertise courses from seven majors. The questionnaire for the development of learning outcomes was modified by Munadi, while content validation used Lawshe coefficient with a validator number of five people. Descriptive quantitative analysis. Development of 71 % learning test is a combination of essay and multiple-choice questions, 63 % of lecturers make question boxes, 33 % of lecturers always validate the problem with competency or learning achievement and only 22 % of lecturers adjust the questions with the indicators. The content validation ratio is 0.90 with a panel of five experts. The commitment of lecturers and institusions to maintain the quality of the learning outcomes test instrument that is integrated so that evidence based practice needs to be improved so that graduates quality is maintained.

It has been more than a year of the Covid-19 pandemic, after WHO officially announced it on March 11, 2020. This pandemic has had a tremendous impact on all aspects of life, including education, where education must be carried out online. This drastic change will certainly encounter many obstacles. This study aims to determine the problems of online learning due to the Covid-19 pandemic faced by students of SMA Muhammadiyah Al Kautsar Kartasura Program Khusus and the strategies implemented by the school. This research method is a qualitative case study. Data collection techniques are observation, analysis and unstructured interviews. Observations to find the keywords of student learning problems in grade 10 science and 11 science students. Analysis to trace student conversations on social media based on the observed key words. Interviews were conducted to extract information, while the sampling technique was purposive sampling. The results showed that there were three student learning problems, namely boredom, lack of understanding of the material, and the need for internet quota. The school strategy includes, firstly relating to administration and secondly relating to the implementation of learning. The administrative strategy is carried out with flexibility in paying tuition fees and contributing to institutional development. The learning strategy is a home-school collaboration as an important component in evaluating and monitoring the teaching and learning process by online.