Resumen. El propósito del artículo es mostrar la ruta metodológica seguida para desarrollar un cuestionario para estimar las habilidades digitales con propósito educativo que tienen los estudiantes de una universidad pública mexicana. Se describe el desarrollo de un cuestionario basado en cuatro dimensiones: manejo de información, de comunicación, de organización y de tecnología portátil. Se recurre a la consulta de expertos para la delimitación de los factores, la elaboración de los reactivos y la estimación de un indicador de univocidad. Se aplica un análisis preliminar basado en modelado estructural de ecuaciones para obtener evidencias de validez de la escala desarrollada. El cuestionario se aplicó al azar a una muestra de 350 estudiantes. Se propuso un modelo conceptual para el constructo de habilidad digital, el cual tuvo la congruencia esperada entre las variables observadas y la estructura propuesta. Tras una primera aplicación se obtuvieron valores aceptables en tres de los índices de bondad de ajuste (RMSEA, GFI y AGFI), con excepción de Chi-cuadrada y se detectaron posibilidades de adecuar la escala con base en los índices de modificación derivados del programa AMOS. La información obtenida permitirá mejorar la escala propuesta. Determinar las habilidades digitales de los estudiantes es un punto de interés actual en la búsqueda de la innovación y eficiencia de las actividades educativas. Palabras clave: habilidades de información; tratamiento de información; educación tecnológica; análisis estadístico.[en] Development of a questionnaire to estimate undergraduate digital skills Abstract. The purpose of this article is to show the methodological route carried out to develop a questionnaire to estimate the educational digital skills of students of a Mexican public university as well as to show evidence of construct validity through structural equation modeling. The development of a questionnaire based on four dimensions is described: management of information, communication, organization and portable technology. We draw on expert consultation for the delimitation of the factors, the development of reagents and the estimation of an indicator of _____________

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The emergence of digital convergence and the explosive growth of wireless communications in conjunction with learning experiences regarding the provision of Internet services in rural communities all over the world make necessary to rethinking the strategies and methods employed by governments, development agencies and private sectors to detonate socioeconomic development through the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in rural communities. We start our analysis from experiences in our participation in digital inclusion projects as well as from reports and research papers recently published that show that the availability of broadband infrastructure, convergent devices for Internet access and associated content, though necessary, it is not enough to accomplish sustainable social and economic development in rural communities. We suggest that it is necessary to explore new perspectives, which in conjunction with the cyber-infrastructure, consider two complementary programs; a social action program to incorporate strategies for community participation, technology adoption, usability and capacity building and a program for social innovation to encourage entrepreneurship and organizational development in the rural context. We pose that the cyberinfrastructure and associated programs constitute a socio-technical system interacting with the rural context, which in turn we characterize as a socio-environmental system. We argue that the project objectives should arise as a result of the stakeholders' interaction of both systems in the operational, tactic and strategic levels.

This article proposes a framework to design and implement e- Health interventions in a comprehensive manner. We draw on complexity science to study the interplay of the ecosystem, the behavior and interactions among its agents. We provide a platform to estimate the Quality of Experience (QoE) to assess the relationship between technology and human factors involved in e-Health projects. Our aim is to estimate QoE in e-Health ecosystems from the perspective of complexity by adopting a methodology that uses fuzzy logic to study the behavior of the ecosystem’s agents. We apply the proposed framework to a remote diagnosis case by means of an ultrasound probe through a satellite link. Despite the ambiguities for determining QoE, the experiment demonstrates the applicability of the framework and allows to stressing the importance of human factors in the implementation of e-Health projects.

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