The Indonesian government has chosen to implement large-scale social restrictions, or Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), to minimize the spread of COVID-19. PSBB is a government policy aimed at restricting the internal movement of people in a bid to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to assess the impact of such large-scale social restriction measures on the incidence of COVID-19 cases in four provinces of Indonesia. Time series analysis was used to describe trends in COVID-19 cases by using surveillance data from the Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Quasi-Poisson regression with an interaction model was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR), and this was calculated to compare the incidence rate before and during PSBB implementation. The trend in COVID-19 cases in the provinces of West Java, East Java, Banten, and Jakarta has continued to fluctuate. These four provinces have continued to experience a significant increase in the COVID-19 incidence rate ratio after the implementation of the first and second PSBB periods compared to the  period before PSBB implementation. Lack of proper implementation of the large-scale social restrictions has led to PSBB’s ineffectiveness in reducing the number of COVID-19 cases in each of the provinces.

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Ketepatan waktu pengembalian Berkas Rekam Medis (BRM) di suatu rumah sakit merupakan salah satu unsur yang mempengaruhi kualitas kinerja unit rekam medis. Berdasarkan Standar Prosedur Operasional (SPO) di RS X Bogor dan Peraturan Pemerintah yang berlaku, standar waktu pengembalian adalah 2x24 jam setelah pasien pulang. Pada periode Desember 2017-Februari 2018 diketahui persentase pengembalian berkas rekam medis dalam jangka waktu >2x24 jam sebesar 65,54%. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ketidaktepatan waktu pengembalian BRM di unit rawat inap. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengambilan data secara wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen. Berdasarkan hasil penggalian informasi yang didapatkan, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keterlambatan pengembalian BRM di RS X Bogor ialah keterbatasan jumlah petugas pelaksana, jarak antar gedung pelayanan rawat inap dan ruang rekam medis yang cukup jauh, serta belum adanya sosialisasi SPO secara memadai. Agar kegiatan pelayanan unit rekam medis dapat berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien, perlu dilakukan upaya pengawasan dan evaluasi terhadap pengembalian BRM secara berkala.

This review aims to map the available evidence on biopsychosocial predictors of elderly mental health. The articles were independently screened in three selected databases, namely Pubmed, Proquest and Google Scholar. The stages consist of identifying the research questions, seeking and selecting relevant evidence, mapping data, and concluding and reporting results. The PRISMA flowchart was used to show the PEOS evidence search flow. A total of 23,722 articles were obtained from all databases during the initial search, where 458 titles fulfilled the eligibility criteria at the title screening stage. Furthermore, 383 articles passed through abstract screening, where 75 met the inclusion criteria and were included for full-text screening. Based on the full-text screening stage, 28 articles were excluded and the remaining 47 articles that matched the search process were included for data extraction. This review creates biopsychosocial variables related to the mental health of the elderly. The biological factors consist of age, biomarkers, female, health conditions, chronic diseases, and physical function. Variables related to psychological factors are affect, personality traits, and subjective well-being. Meanwhile, social factors include smoking, sleep quality, physical activity, daily living, social support, marital status, loneliness, religiosity, spirituality, and early life conditions.

Abstract School has an important role in preventing students’ smoking behavior. This research aims to analyze non- smoking area policies and prevention programs for smoking behavior, as well as of the role of students, parents, teacher and staff in preventing students’ smoking behavior. This qualitative research was conducted in six Muhammadiyah Schools in Depok City. Data collection was carried out in January 2018 to April 2019. The informants of the study were 15 selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data collection is done through in-depth interviews, observation and document analysis. The research instrument was developed from North Carolina Tobacco Free School Assessment Tool to determine smoking behavior, smoking cessation programs and the role of various parties in these policies and programs. Data analysis was carried out by thematic content analysis technique. Schools have implemented non-smoking area policies throughout the school area for student, school teachers, staff and visitors. However, there are no detailed regulations regarding the prevention policy of smoking behavior that is pointed out to staff, teachers and visitors. Educational programs related to the dangers of smoking are carried out in the hidden curriculum. The school has not organized a smoking cessation program. The involvement of parents and students in order to prevent smoking behavior in school’s prevention program has not yet been done optimally. The challenges in preventing smoking behavior is lack of optimal prevention smoking behavior outside of school and the absence of smoking cessation program conducted in schools. Abstrak Sekolah memiliki peranan penting dalam mencegah perilaku merokok siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) dan program pendidikan pencegahan perilaku merokok, serta peran siswa, staf, dan orang tua dalam pencegahan perilaku merokok siswa. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan di enam Sekolah Muhammadiyah Tingkat Menengah Atas di Kota Depok. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2018 hingga April 2019. Informan penelitian berjumlah 15 informan yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Instrumen penelitian dikembangkan dari North Carolina Tobacco Free School Assessment Tool untuk mengetahui kebijakan pencegahan perilaku merokok, program pendidikan untuk mencegah perilaku merokok, program upaya berhenti merokok dan peran berbagai pihak dalam kebijakan dan program tersebut. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik konten tematik analisis. Sekolah telah menerapkan kebijakan KTR di seluruh area sekolah bagi siswa, staf, guru dan pengunjung. Namun tidak ada peraturan mendetil terkait kebijakan pencegahan perilaku merokok yang ditujukkan kepada staf, guru dan pengunjung. Program pendidikan terkait bahaya merokok dilakukan secara hidden curriculum. Sekolah belum menyelenggarakan program berhenti merokok. Pelibatan orang tua dan siswa dalam rangka mencegah perilaku merokok di sekolah belum dilakukan secara optimal. Tantangan dalam pencegahan perilaku merokok ialah kurang optimalnya pencegahan perilaku merokok di luar sekolah serta belum adanya program berhenti merokok yang dilakukan di sekolah.