Purpose: to develop an individual model of competitive activity of qualified female runners to achieve the planned sports result of 100 m. Material: for qualified athletes (n = 88), using video-computer analysis, individual characteristics of speed dynamics in running for 100m and kinematic parameters of running for different distances were recorded. The tensodynamograms of the manifestation of the strength of muscle groups carrying the main load in the structure of the sprint run of 18 short-distance runners of various qualifications were recorded and processed. Results: promising models of competitive activity in the 100m race for the planned sports result have been developed. Based on the model of a specific athlete, the main areas of work are determined, means and methods of training effects are selected. Conclusions: Practical realization of the developed model provided the necessary increase in indicators. This made it possible for female athletes (n = 8, age 19-21 years) to improve the average result in running the main distance (compared with the previous year) by 0.18 s.

Background and Study Aim. To develop and justify the criteria for morphogenetic markers of speed-power abilities of athletes and the main directions of individualization of the process of their preparation, taking into account the characteristics of the female body. Material and Methods. Using the “2D: 4D” determination methodology, finger proportions were analysed for 126 qualified athletes specializing in speed-strength types (sprinting and hurdling, jumping, shot-putting) of different ages (from 17 to 25 years old). For 13 weeks, eight qualified short-distance student runners were regularly tested using computer strain gauge equipment: 5 masculine and 3 feminine types. The tensodynamograms of the manifestation of the strength of muscle groups carrying the main load in the structure of the sprint run were recorded and processed. Results. It was found that 78% of the examined athletes observed finger proportions close to the "male" proportions. This may indicate their certain masculinization. The technique used for this can be an informative and simple marker to predict a genetic predisposition to the ability of effective performance of speed-power work. It was determined that the same amount of power load causes masculine athletes, runners for short distances, a more significant deployment of long-term adaptation restructuring of masculine athletes, runners for short distances, compared with athletes of a different gender identity. Conclusions. Criteria for the prognostic assessment of speed-power abilities of athletes based on simple biological markers for testing and identification, like finger proportions (2D: 4D), have been developed. For athletes of high qualification who have a gender identity similar to men and a masculine somatotype, it is possible to use adapted male techniques for training.

Purpose: theoretical justification, development, and approbation of individual differentiated training design of health-promoting shaping with mature age women. Material: women aged from 21-55 years (n=86) participated in the research. It was determined the initial level of their morphofunctional state and physical fitness (it was considered phases of an individual ovarian menstrual cycle). It was revealed criteria of the individual differentiated approach to the design of health-promoting shaping training (it was considered biorhythms of the female body). It was realized the nine-months macrocycle of health-promoting shaping training. The macrocycle consisted of three stages. Two programs - power and aerobic orientation are developed for training at the main stage of a macrocycle. Distribution of loads, their duration, intensity, and volume was regulated individually. It was considered the hormonal background of a female body during an ovarian menstrual cycle. Results: It is observed an increase in the level of a morphofunctional state and physical fitness of women. It is revealed statistically reliable changes of all physical development indicators, a functional state and physical fitness of women. Conclusions: The individual differentiated approach to training design of improving shaping allows to operate a morphofunctional condition of women organism more purposefully. Such an approach promotes organism adaptation to training loads. It also promotes an increase in the level of morphofunctional and physical fitness and health.

Annotation Means of special strength training are of great importance in the sprinter's sports training system. Such means of training are, firstly, ensure that the formation of a structure of the athlete's physical fitness corresponds to the specificity of the external relations of his body, and, secondly, in their influence, they should correspond to the athlete's mode of activity in the specialized exercise. The problem of choosing rational means of speed-strength training and the peculiarities of their use in training with various contingents of sprinters have not received a satisfactory substantiation and theoretical explanation. The aim of the study is to determine the structure of speed-strength preparedness among sprinters of various quali- fications and to reveal its relationship with sports results among runners of various qualifications. The set of methods used to solve the assigned tasks included: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature data; pedagogical testing and experiment, methods of statistical processing of the obtained material. Research results. It was found that the growth of qualifications of sprinters is largely determined by the level of development of their speed-strength preparedness. This is manifested in an increase in the relationship between athletic performance in the 100 meters running and performance in tests. This is evidenced by the obtained coefficient of multiple correlation (R = 0,811), which proves the joint influence of achievements in speed-power indicators on the result in the 100-meter run. Informative tests for assessing the level of speed-strength readiness of short-distance runners were revealed. The use of metrologically grounded tests in practice can help to increase the effectiveness of the educational-training process of runners of this sports qualification. Conclusions. The obtained data of the structure of preparedness of sprinters of various qualifications indicate its change as the skill of athletes grows and confirms a number of studies indicating that the means of speed-strength training of short-distance runners should be selected in such a way as to ensure a positive interaction of the qualities of strength and speed with the aim of effective performing the necessary motor task. Key words: sprint, athletes, qualification, structure, readiness, tests, correlation analysis.

Background and Study Aim. To develop and justify the criteria for morphogenetic markers of speed-power abilities of athletes and the main directions of individualization of the process of their preparation, taking into account the characteristics of the female body. Material and Methods. Using the “2D: 4D” determination methodology, finger proportions were analysed for 126 qualified athletes specializing in speed-strength types (sprinting and hurdling, jumping, shot-putting) of different ages (from 17 to 25 years old). For 13 weeks, eight qualified short-distance student runners were regularly tested using computer strain gauge equipment: 5 masculine and 3 feminine types. The tensodynamograms of the manifestation of the strength of muscle groups carrying the main load in the structure of the sprint run were recorded and processed. Results. It was found that 78% of the examined athletes observed finger proportions close to the "male" proportions. This may indicate their certain masculinization. The technique used for this can be an informative and simple marker to predict a genetic predisposition to the ability of effective performance of speed-power work. It was determined that the same amount of power load causes masculine athletes, runners for short distances, a more significant deployment of long-term adaptation restructuring of masculine athletes, runners for short distances, compared with athletes of a different gender identity. Conclusions. Criteria for the prognostic assessment of speed-power abilities of athletes based on simple biological markers for testing and identification, like finger proportions (2D: 4D), have been developed. For athletes of high qualification who have a gender identity similar to men and a masculine somatotype, it is possible to use adapted male techniques for training.