Massive pro-inflammatory cytokines production has been correlated with the pathogenesis of severe dengue disease. The active compound of mangosteen fruit pericarps, α-mangostin, has been commonly used as traditional medicine and dietary supplement. We examined the effect of α-mangostin against dengue virus (DENV) infection in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by the measurement of virus titer and TNF-α and IFN-γ cytokines concentration post infection. Increasing concentration of α-mangostin inhibited virus replication and reduced inflammatory cytokines expression at 24- and 48-h post infection. Our results support the potential use of α-mangostin as anti-antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies in the treatment of dengue.Graphic Abstract

Background : Most human activities cannot be separated from the use of computers. Long-term and uncontrolled use of computers can lead to Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (KEMENKES) CVS can be handled with ergonomics use of computers resultantly reducing the impact of computer exposure. Education on ergonomics use of computer and PERMATA-KU exercise is expected to improve CVS scores.Research Purpose : Proving the effect of PERMATA-KU exercises toward CVS score improvementMethod : Research subjects are divided into treatment group and control group, each group consists of 15 people. The treatment group received education about the ergonomics use of computer and PERMATA-KU exercises while the control group received education on the ergonomics use of computers. The measurement’s instrument is the CVS questionnaire. The dependent variable of the study was the CVS score and the independent variable of the study was the type of treatment. Statistical test with Wilcoxon, paired t test, unpaired t test, Mann whitney and chi square. Meaning value p <0.05.Result : There was a significant difference in CVS scores before and after the intervention in the treatment group (p = 0.001) and the control group (p = 0.006). There was a significant difference in delta CVS scores between the treatment group and the control group (p=0,008). There was a significant difference in CVS scores after the intervention in the treatment group and the control group (p=0,017). There was no significant difference in the incidence of CVS after the intervention between the treatment group and the control group (p = 0.259).Conclusion : There is an effect of "PERMATA-KU" exercise on the improvement of CVS scores.

Introduction: Diabetes is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by elevated blood glucose due to autoimmune disorder or a combination of insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. VEGF and PDGF are the main actors in the regeneration of damaged pancreatic tissue. However, the prolonged release of these molecules may induce fibrosis formation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a high potential to regenerate damaged pancreatic tissue by releasing PDGF and VEGF. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of MSCs on the levels of PDGF and VEGF on days 2 and 44 in diabetic mice and determine the number of pancreatic islet cells and blood glucose levels. Materials and methods: This study used a post-control group design with animals divided into five groups: sham, control, and three treatment groups (P) which were given MSCs at doses of 1.5&times;105, 3&times;105, and 6&times;105 cells. The levels of PDGF, VEGF, and blood glucose were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the number of pancreatic islet cells was analyzed using H&amp;E staining. Results: This study showed a significant increase of VEGF and PDGF levels on day 2 and a significant increase in islet cell percentages on day 44 in line with the decreased blood glucose level. However, there was no difference between VEGF and PDGF levels on day 44. Conclusions: MSCs regulate PDGF and VEGF levels in wound healing phases and remodel pancreatic islet &beta;-cells regeneration to control blood glucose in diabetic model mice.

Background: The prevalence of diabetic patients is increasing over the years. It will increase the incidence of microvascular complications due to prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patient. Diabetic retinopathy is one of microvascular complication which is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patient cause toxicity to the retina which cause nerve and vascular damage and death to the retina. In this study was analyzed the association of diabetes duration with the severity of diabetic retinopathy associated with many cases of delay in diagnosing diabetes recentlyObjective: This study aims to investigate the association of diabetes duration with the severity of diabetic retinopathyMethods: A cross-sectional design was performed by collecting data from the medical records of diabetic patients who were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in Diponegoro National Hospital in July-December 2019 using purposive sampling method. Research subjects were 51 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using non-parametric Chi Square test with p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Prevalence was more in the age group of 51-60 years (45,1%), female (58,8%), diabetics <5 years (41,2%), and PDR (72,6%). Chi Square analysis shows no statistically significant association between duration of diabetes with the severity of diabetic retinopathy (p = 0,881)Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between duration of diabetes with the severity of diabetic retinopathy

Background : Glaucoma is a disease that can cause damage to the optic nerve. High intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma. The main goal of treating glaucoma is to control the disease progression by reducing intraocular pressure to the normal range or in accordance with the target pressure, and unsuccessful treatment can lead to anxiety. Aims : Identifying the correlation between therapeutic success and anxiety levels in post-operative glaucoma patients. Methods : This research used observational analytic method with a cross-sectional design. A total of 34 post-operative glaucoma patients were collected by consecutive sampling at the Eye Outpatient Installation of Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang. The anxiety level was assessed using the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS) questionnaire. Data analysis in the study used the Contingency Coefficient test. Results : A total of 34 glaucoma patients consisted of 17 patients who successfully achieved the target pressure and 17 patients who failed to achieve the target pressure. There was a significant correlation between the success of glaucoma therapy with anxiety levels (p = 0.008) and there was a weak relationship between the two variables (r = 0.471). Conclusion : There is a correlation between therapeutic success and anxiety levels in post-operative glaucoma patients.