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Empowerment is road to participation and participation determine social and economical community development program's impacts. Generally, this research aims to identifiy the correlation between participation level of society and stakeholders in holding Corporate Social Responsibility program of Geothermal Corporation through Micro Finance Board and its impact to the society's social and economical condition. This research was concerned to see the implementation of Community Based Micro Finance

The expansion of oil palm plantations run very quickly within two decades in Indonesia. It provides a certain amount of risk against natural resources and the environment. These risks are mainly landscape changes, ecosystems changes and livelihood system change of the rural society.  In order to suppress risk, sustainability standards for plantation operation, needs to be implemented.  One of the instruments that ensure sustainability standards is ISPO (Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil).  However, its implementation is still limited to be voluntary.  In the near future, ISPO will be implemented as mandatory for all business model of oil palm plantation as well as for oil palm mills.  This research is about to find out the readiness of the oil palm smallholders to implement ISPO, in particular with regard to the parameters of land seeds legality, land legality, and knowledge on the management of the environment. This research was conducted in several villages in three locations, namely in Riau, Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan Province. A number of respondents were withdrawn from each village and were selected using simple random sampling method. The results showed that land legality parameter, legality of the seed, and knowledge of oil palm smallholders about environmental management reveals unreadiness of the smallholder to carry out ISPO certification. Thus, the risk of a oil palm plantation expansion towards natural resources and the environment, will still be a great challenge in the future.

The occurrence of forest fire in Jambi can be considered as an annual phenomenon. It happenes almost every year in every type of land uses, including industrial timber plantation area of PT Wirakarya Sakti. The drivers of fire are a combination between natural factors and an anthropogenic factor, which in this case is traditional land preparation activity conducted by local farmer. To maintain their source of livelihoods, farmers convert forest land into seasonal agricultural land (ladang) using ‘slash and burn’ method. This activity occures along with the changes in social economic condition. Currently, although this circumstance has existed for a long time, availability of information regarding forest fire-prone area especially in industrial timber plantation is really minutes. Based on this condition, this study aims to model and develop spatial information on the vulnerability forest fire in industrial timber plantation (HTI) area. The specific objectives are: 1) To identify biophysical factors that affect of forest fire, 2) To identify the significance of community activities and land tenure factors to forest fires event in the area, 3) To analyze communities motivations and actions in regards to forest fire events, and 4) To analyze synergy between actual land use with HTI Spatial Planning (RTR-HTI). The results of using logistic regression analysis showed that the most significance biophysical variable are soil type and rainfall, while on the anthropogenic variable are the distance from land and the distancefrom road. Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis suggested that community motivations and actions are affected by social indicators. Based on these facts, spatial analysis using GIS was conducted. The result showed that the value of land use suitable (LUS) was 88.1% (218,289 ha) and not suitable was 11.9% (29,589 ha) from the land allocation of RTR-HTI. Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the relative importance weight for each factor was derivied to be included in hazard model. The hazard map showed that fire hazard can be classified into high category (118,925 ha), moderate category (175,272ha) and low category (11,369 ha). Keywords: land use, land tenure community, vulnerability forest fire