No abstract

The dynamic growth of international collaboration in the scientific and professional spheres leads to a wave-like increase in the volume of translations of professional and scientific texts and determines the relevance of the problem under study. Translators have problems translating abbreviations of professional terms. This paper analyzes the ways of translating English abbreviations in the field of materials science. As research methods, we used, among other things, the analysis of methods of translating English abbreviations into Russian, the study of articles in the field of materials science, the collection of data on abbreviations of professional terms and the comparison of the ways of translation of abbreviations of professional terms in the texts of materials science. The article reveals the features of the ways of translating abbreviations of professional terms in materials science texts. The main results of the research work are the identification of problems of translation of English abbreviations that the translator faces in the field of materials science, and the determination of the use frequency of one or another translation method. The materials of the article can be useful for researchers in this field, physics students and translators of scientific and technical texts.

Международный научный журнал«Казанский лингвистический журнал»международное научное рецензируемое издание открытого доступа, придерживающееся следующего принципа: свободный открытый доступ к результатам исследований способствует увеличению глобального обмена знаниями. Публикуемые в журнале материалы прошли процедуру рецензирования и экспертного отбора. Научное содержание публикаций, наименования и содержание разделов соответствуют требованиям к рецензируемым научным изданиям Высшей аттестационной комиссии при Министерстве науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации. К публикации в журнале принимаются наиболее значимые научные труды, соответствующие тематике, обладающие научной новизной и содержащие материалы собственных научных исследований автора по следующим группам научных специальностей

Employees at construction sites need to have good communicative competence on all the issues occurring there. The survey of higher school students revealed presence of language barriers in the process of communication. They should be able to cope with all the speech situations requiring proper practical language skills. Therefore, the research considers necessity of development of communicative speech skills of future construction specialists in English considering the factors that would contribute to overcoming language barriers. To realize this, the authors empirically surveyed groups of a higher school final-year students to improve their language level through mastering their communicative skills on the base of necessary teaching factors, and simultaneously eliminating possible obstacles. The research was conducted on the base of communicative method and the teaching-practicing-controlling approach supported by observing, questioning, and surveying methods. The results obtained show that proper practical development of future specialists’ communicative skills taking into account all kinds of barriers can improve their professional language growth and overcoming their speech barriers. The research results obtained one can use in language teaching practice, as well as for making some possible contribution to education and through it communication skills of research participants’ speech development.

The rapid growth in the number of terminological units, the number of inaccuracies in the translation of architectural and construction vocabulary necessitated the streamlining and comprehensive unification of terms. However, effective unification of terminology should be based on preliminary linguistic research. In this regard, the approaches and classifications of architectural and construction terms in English and Russian in a comparative aspect are studied and systematized. The consideration of the architectural thesaurus contributed to the identification of its aspects: activities, physical characteristics, style and era, materials, agents, elements and equipment. The research revealed such classifications as the name of the units of measurement of physical quantities, the name of symbols, designs with participles; classifications characterizing specific functional types of buildings, names of subject concepts, borrowed terms, which underwent significant overview during assimilation. Based on these classifications, emphasized is that the classification of architectural vocabulary is impossible without analysis, identification of information transmitted in a manner.