No abstract

The reference point of reproductive biology play an important roles in developing a baseline information for fishery management. Different waters will provide different overview of fisheries related to its biological aspects. The red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) is one of economically important demersal fish species in Indonesia. To support the biological status of this species, a regular field observation were carried out during May 2016 to April 2017 in Palabuhanratu bay, south of West Java. The objective of this study is to estimate the spawning season and potential reproductive stages including to evaluate how the key management related to the species and its gear selectivity. Numbers of red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) specimen was collected from bottom gillnetter and hand liner. Basic information related to length-weigth, bio-reproduction (maturity) were collected regularly to determine GSI, Fecundity and its impact of fishing (Lc, Lm) to evaluate the recent stock status. The result showed sex ratio no significant differences between males and females except in September to December. The growth pattern indicated negative allometric. The predicted of spawning seasons were around June-July and December-January. Mean of fecundity was estimated to be 230,000 ± 178,000 eggs. Management keys were obtained i.e. length at first maturity (Lm) value was to be 21.9 cm TL which is smaller than length at first capture (Lc) 22.4 cm TL for bottom gill netter and 23.1 cm TL for average fishes caught by hand liner. Therefore it is recommended to close the waters in the bay area during the spawning period. In the case of catch, it is important to apply the precautionary approach with emphasizes to the size of fish allowed to be captured more than the Lm value (above 21.9 cm TL).

Abstract. Composting is an effort in managing organic waste that can be done with the help of microorganisms to accelerate the composting process. One way is to use EM4 and Black Soldier Fly larvae. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the quality of EM4 compost and Black Soldier Fly compost. Type of research used is pre-experimental design with one-shot case study design and use test independent t test to analyze differences in the quality of compost. The samples used are 8 of Black Soldier Fly compost samples and eight secondary data of EM4 compost that have been tested before. The results showed that the average N, P, K content in EM4 compost was N (1,7250%); P2O5 (0,6975%); K2O (0,9338%) while the average content of N, P, K in compost Black Soldier Fly is N (1.6625%); P2O5 (0.9988%); K2O (3.5038%) with the result of statistical test using independent t test show that there are differences in the value of potassium while the value of nitrogen and phosphorus has no difference.

Fish is one of the most useful food for life, because it provides a relatively high protein. Salted Fish Center in Kusamba have a large production of fish product but the process still traditional and has never been examinated of sanitation and hygiene condition. The purpose of this reaserch is to know sanitation and hygiene condition of salted fish such as hygiene of employees, location and building, sanitation facilities, fish processing and equipment sanitation. Type of the research is descriptive with cross sectional approach. The sample on this research is 43 block of salted fish and all employee in there. Based on hygiene of employee assessment, obtained 17 % is unqualified. Based on location and building assessment, obtained 30 % is unqualified. Based on sanitation facilities assessment, obtained 26 % is unqualified. Based on fish processing assessment, obtained 100 % is qualified. and based on equipment sanitation obtained 28 % is unqualified. The conclution is sanitation and hygiene condition of salted fish in Salted Fish Center is qualified.

A restaurant is one of the places visited by the general public with special attention in the field of sanitation. Based on preliminary observations made by some food handlers, they do not use plastic gloves when processing food. This study aims to see the state of sanitation hygiene in the Minang Simpang Ampek Panjer Restaurant, Denpasar City. The type of research used is descriptive research with a survey method. Observation results show that the selection of food ingredients produced is 100%. 100% food processing. Storage of 100% foodstuffs. 100% finished food storage. Serving 80% of the production. 80% personal hygiene result. The application of cleanliness as a result of the calculation meets the requirements, namely 93.33%. Food handlers should use plastic gloves when processing food. Serving food should use a food cover so that food is not contaminated with dust, insects, hair or other dirt. Food packaging should use food grade or health-safe packaging such as using banana leaves when wrapping food