The purpose of this study is to find out the views of teachers of physical education about how they define character education, whether they think national education curriculum and the curriculum of private schools are suitable for character education and whether they think character education can be applied in physical education lessons. Case report design was used in this study which was prepared with qualitative research method. The sample group of the study consists of 6 physical education teachers working in 3 secondary schools and 2 high schools of Kütahya city center which were determined with easily accessible case sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. Individual interviews which lasted for an average of 15-20 minutes were conducted with physical education teachers within the context of semi-structured interview technique. The participants were informed that the interviews would be voice recorded and later their expressions would be written down to avoid data loss and after necessary permissions were taken, the interviews were recorded. Descriptive and content analysis methods were used to analyze the expressions which were converted into text. The results of the analyses showed that physical education teachers defined character education as changes that occurred in individuals' behaviors first in the family, then at school and the education conducted to teach individuals socially accepted and correct behaviors. In addition, it was found that the teachers stated that the current curriculum of the country and also physical education curriculum were not suitable for character education; however, since it is a social lesson and since participants are continuously active and in communication, physical education lessons can be more effective than other lessons in terms of character development.

ÖzetAim: This research is to determine the effects of extensive and intensive interval training practiced in different rest interval and in the same intensity on VO 2max and anaerobic threshold and on blood parameters. Material and Methods: 20 male subjects, between 18-22 ages, are participated in the study. They are randomly separated two groups. One of them (n=10) did intensive interval training (IIT), the other one (n=10) did extensive interval training (EIT). EI and II training were applied to participants thought 7 weeks and 3 days per a week and the volume of the daily training, intensity %75, is totally 2800-3000m. We tested the subjects at weights, BMI, Fat %, Fat Mass, VO 2max , anaerobic threshold, hemogram and some of the biochemical tests before and after the training. Results: There were significant increase (p<0.05) in the capacity of VO 2max and anaerobic threshold at EIT. There were significant increases in the subgroup of erythrocyte; HCT (p<0.05), HGB, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV and RDW-SD (p<0.01) at EIT. There was significant decreases in the subgroup of leukocyte; LYMPH, in the subgroup of thrombocyte; PCT and in the biochemical analysis; HDL (p<0.05) at EIT. No significant differences were found between before and after IIT in the capacity of VO 2max . and anaerobic threshold. There was significant decreases in the subgroup of leukocyte; GRAN, in the subgroup of thrombocyte; PLT and PCT (p<0.05) at IIT. There were significant increase in the subgroup of erythrocyte; MCV and in the biochemical analysis; glucose (p<0.05) at IIT. Conclusion: EIT has a decisive effect on the capacity of VO 2max and anaerobic threshold. EI and II training has increased or decreased the level of some blood parameters. Maximum VO 2 Extensive interval training Intensive interval trainingArticle Info

ÖZETBu çalışmanın amacı, elit bayan basketbol takımı ve elit bayan hentbol takımı oyuncularının fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerindeki farklılıklarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 2004-2005 sezonunda Türkiye 1. liglerinde şampiyon olmuş Fenerbahçe bayan basketbol takımı (N=12) ve Üsküdar Anadolu bayan hentbol takımı (N=12) oyuncuları katılmıştır. Araştırmadaki tüm ölçümler (boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, dikey sıçrama testi, otur-eriş testi, mekik koşusu, 20 metre sprint, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ), anaerobik güç, sırt kuvveti, bacak kuvveti ve sağ-sol pençe kuvveti testleri) her iki takım oyuncularına uygulanmıştır.Araştırmada elde edilen tüm veriler SPSS istatistik programında kaydedilerek, Descriptive analizleri (X ve S.S.) ve MannWhitney U testi uygulanarak 2 farklı branştaki sporcuların parametreleri p<0,05 ve p<0,01 düzeyinde birbirleri ile karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır.Sonuç olarak, elit bayan basketbol ve hentbol takım sporlarında üst düzey yarışmalarda başarılı olabilmek ve optimal performans elde edebilmek için teknik ve taktik becerilerin yanında yüksek derecede fiziksel uygunluk kapasitesi gerekmektedir. Çalışmamızda elit bayan basketbolcu ve hentbolcuların fiziksel uygunluk parametreleri karşılaştırıldıklarında boy parametresi açısından basketbolcular lehine bir durum görünürken, diğer fiziksel özelliklerde herhangi bir farklılık bulunamamıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Basketbol, hentbol, fiziksel uygunluk COMPARISON OF THE PHYSICAL FITNESS PARAMETERS OF THE ELITE FEMALE BASKETBALL AND FEMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate to differences in the physical fitness parameters of the players of elite female basketball team and elite female handball team. Fenerbahçe female basketball team (N=12) and Üsküdar Anadolu female handball team players (N=12) participated to the study became the champion of the years of 2004-2005 in the first leagues in Turkish. All measurements in the study (height, weight, vertical jump, sit and reach, shuttle run, 20m sprint, body mass index (BMI), anaerobic power, back power, leg power and right-left hand grip tests) were applied for two teams players.All data was edited in SPSS program. It was compared with parameters of athletes from two different teams using Descriptive analysis (X and S.S.) and Mann-Whitney U test in level of p<0,05 and p<0,01.As a result, it is need to high degree physical fitness capacity as well as the techniques and the tactics skills to being successful and obtain an optimal performance for elite athletes in top level competitions. In the compare of the physical fitness parameters of the elite female basketball and female handball players, there was no significant differences between teams in view of physical fitness parameters except for height parameters which related to basketball players positively.

ÖzetAim: This research is to determine the effects of extensive and intensive interval training practiced in different rest interval and in the same intensity on VO 2max and anaerobic threshold and on blood parameters. Material and Methods: 20 male subjects, between 18-22 ages, are participated in the study. They are randomly separated two groups. One of them (n=10) did intensive interval training (IIT), the other one (n=10) did extensive interval training (EIT). EI and II training were applied to participants thought 7 weeks and 3 days per a week and the volume of the daily training, intensity %75, is totally 2800-3000m. We tested the subjects at weights, BMI, Fat %, Fat Mass, VO 2max , anaerobic threshold, hemogram and some of the biochemical tests before and after the training. Results: There were significant increase (p<0.05) in the capacity of VO 2max and anaerobic threshold at EIT. There were significant increases in the subgroup of erythrocyte; HCT (p<0.05), HGB, MCH, MCHC, RDW-CV and RDW-SD (p<0.01) at EIT. There was significant decreases in the subgroup of leukocyte; LYMPH, in the subgroup of thrombocyte; PCT and in the biochemical analysis; HDL (p<0.05) at EIT. No significant differences were found between before and after IIT in the capacity of VO 2max . and anaerobic threshold. There was significant decreases in the subgroup of leukocyte; GRAN, in the subgroup of thrombocyte; PLT and PCT (p<0.05) at IIT. There were significant increase in the subgroup of erythrocyte; MCV and in the biochemical analysis; glucose (p<0.05) at IIT. Conclusion: EIT has a decisive effect on the capacity of VO 2max and anaerobic threshold. EI and II training has increased or decreased the level of some blood parameters. Maximum VO 2 Extensive interval training Intensive interval trainingArticle Info

Background and Study Aim. Muscular strength and balance are important components of athletic performance, and the muscles around the knee (Quadriceps and Hamstrings) provide joint stability when the knee is in motion. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between quadriceps/hamstring (H/Q) muscle strength, Hamstring/Quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio and balance performance. Material and Methods. Ten male volunteers with an average age of 21.60±2.11 years, height 176.40±4.67 cm, and body weight 76.50±8.85 kg, who were students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences. Performance tests included dynamic and static balance using the Biodex Balance System and isokinetic strength using the Cybex Humac NORM®. Results. Statistically significant (p<0.05) results in dynamic balance scores were found in the correlation of H/Q ratio and overall stability index (OSI) in the left leg (r =-0.645), and in the correlation of peak torque hamstring and anterior-posterior stability index (APSI) in the right leg (r =0.671).  Statistically significant (p<0.05) results in static balance scores were found in the correlations of peak torque quadriceps with OSI (r=-0.760) and anterior-posterior stability index (APSI) (r=-0.650) in the right leg. No statistically significant results were found for the left leg in the static balance scores. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the relationship between quadriceps and hamstring strength and H/Q ratios and balance performance without ignoring the fact that balance is a complex feature involving the visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems. It can be said that muscle strength is an important factor in balance performance based on our study and other sources.