Abstrak Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) adalah makanan atau minuman yang mengandung zat gizi dan diberikan kepada bayi atau anak usia 6-24 bulan guna memenuhi kebutuhan gizi selain dari ASI. 1 Pertumbuhan bayi yang optimal dapat dicapai salah satunya dengan pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) sejak bayi berusia 6 bulan. Di Kota Tegal khususnya Puskesmas Margadana dari laporan bulanan diketahui bahwa pada tahun 2013 terdapat 50 dari 134 bayi yang telah mendapat ASI esklusif sampai 6 bulan. Jadi terdapat sekitar 62,7 % bayi yang mendapatkan MP-ASI terlalu dini/kurang dari 6 bulan. Oleh karena itu peneliti ingin mengetahui faktor-faktor apakah yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemberian makanan MP-ASI pada bayi di Puskesmas Margadana pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross sectional pada bayi usia 0-6 sebanyak 57 bayi di Puskesmas Margadana sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 57 bayi sebagai sampel maka terdapat 86 % (49 bayi) yang telah mendapatkan MP-ASI secara dini/kurang dari 6 bulan. Setelah dilakukan uji bivariat dengan taraf kesalahan 5 % dan uji chi square maka dapat diketahui tidak ada hubungan antara masing-masing faktor penyebab tersebut dengan perilaku pemberian MP-ASI secara dini (p-value) < 0,05. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan karena tidak cukup bukti untuk dilakukan uji hubungan atas hipotesis tersebut karena jumlah sampel yang terlalu kecil, khususnya adalah jumlah ibu yang berperilaku baik / memberikan MP-ASI ≥ 6 bulan. Perlu diteliti kembali faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemberian MP-ASI secara dini dengan mempertimbangkan jumlah sampel yang besar, menggunakan disain yang lebih baik (kasus control) dan menambah variabel yang diteliti se perti persepsi ibu tentang ketidakcukupan ASI yang dimilikinya.
Breast self-examination is a simple and good filtration technique for early detection of symptoms of breast disorders. Counseling is a necessary intervention to improve knowledge about SADARI. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of media types of communication with the knowledge in the young women in a high school in TEGAL. This was a Quasi Experimental Study. The population of this research is 60 young girls. The sampling method is taken randomly. Respondents were divided into two groups: the group of students who got information through audio visual media (video) and the group who got information through audio. Statistical analysys using T test. The results of this study showed that both types of extension methods affect the knowledge with Independent Sample T-Test obtained significance value 0.000 (P value < 0.05). The average knowledge in the group is 85.70 while the group that uses audio media has an average knowledge with a score of 73.83. This research demonstrates the implementation of awareness about Breast self examination on young girls can increase knowledge in about signs and symptoms of disorders in the breast.
CMV could cause permanent damage to toddler such as deaf, mental disability, microsomia, eating disorder and event death. We couldn't see any sign of CMV when the baby was born, it could increase risk of transmission to family members. The aim of this study was conducted to determine the sympoms and signs of CMV in toddlers from Tegal City. This study used qualitative methods with a case study approach to parents who have toddlerswith CMV. Samples taken using snowball sampling and obtained 3 informants. The data taken through in-depth interviews using interview guidlines and human instrument. Furthermore, the data tested using referral triangulation.The result of this study indicate that symptomps and signs are commonly found such as fever with diarrhea, seizures or upper respiratory tract infection. Another symptomps are delay in motor development like crawling, sitting and walking. Most informant also experience language delays and are only able to arrange 2 word at the age of 1.5 years old. The diagnose of CMV are carried out by most patients through laboratory result based on IgG and IgM examination. Based on the results, it can be conclude that there were needs to detect baby development intensively so it coul be handled as soos as possible.Abstrak CMV merupakan penyakit yang dapat menimbulkan masalah permanen pada balita seperti berkurangnya pendengaran, kecacatan mental, ukuran kepala lebih kecil, malas makan dan kematian. Balita dengan CMV tidak menunjukkan tanda dan gejala pada saat bayi lahir, hal tersebut meningkatkan resiko terjadinya penularan pada anggota keluarga. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui gejala dan tanda penderita, khususnya pada bayi yang terinfeksi CMV congenital di Kota Tegal. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap orang tua yang memiliki balita yangpernah/sedang menderita CMV. Sampel yang diambil menggunakan teknik snowball sampling dan didapatkan informan sebanyak 3 orang. Data diambil melalui wawancara mendalam menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan human instrument. Selanjutnya, data kemudia diuji kebenarannya melalui triangulasi referen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanda dan gejala yang banyak ditemui seperti demam dengan penyerta berupa diare, kejang atau ISPA. Gejala lain yang muncul adalah adanya keterlambatan dalam perkembangan motorik kasar seperti merangkak, duduk sendiri dan berjalan. Sebagian besar penderita juga mengalami keterlambatan bahasa dan baru mampu merangkai 2 kata pada usia di atas 1,5 tahun. Diagnosa CMV dilakukan oleh sebagian besar penderita melalui pemeriksaan IgG dan IgM. Berdasarkan hasil, dapat disimpulkan perlu adanya deteksi tumbuh kembang yang intensif sehingga jika ada keterlambatan dapat ditangani sesegera mungkin.Kata Kunci: deteksi dini perkembangan, CMV, balita
Most of snacks or foods at school contained many dangerous chemical material which is dangering students health. When students consumed it in long periode resulting indigestion, respiratory disorder, neurological disorder, liver damage, cancer and reproductive health. This activitiy was being held to increase students knowledge to change their attitude and behavior in choosing foods and snacks. By this activity, it was found that most students lack of knowledge about chemical contamination damage for their health. Therefore, by sharing health information, students could understands that consuming foods contained chemical material in long periode causing various health problems including reproductive health. After they received those informations, students had better understanding about chemical contamination damage but also how to identify which foods are contaminated. The post tets scores have increase by 25%. So it could be conclude that, by sharing health information, students had better understanding and formed attitude to do positive thing.Keywords: knowledge, chemical contamination, teenager, foods
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