Обґрунтовано доцільність використання інноваційних методів розвитку персоналу та проаналізовано особливості їх застосування на підприємствах. Виділено найбільш популярні методи, що застосовуються менеджерами та вищим керівництвом організації, а саме: коучинг, електронне (дистанційне) навчання, тренінг, кейс-стаді, самостійне навчання, баскет-метод, secondment (своєрідне «відрядження»). Визначено, що сучасні методи навчання працівників підприємства залежать від внутрішньої політики організації, а також від сфери трудової діяльності та бажання, заохочення співробітників у самовдосконаленні. Виділено коучинг як метод, який швидко розвивається та використовується в багатьох організаціях з метою встановлення постійного взаємозв'язку між наставником і працівником. Детально описано переваги та недоліки кожного вищезгаданого методу, що може безпосередньо вплинути як на розвиток внутрішнього потенціалу працівника, так і на ефективність підприємства в цілому. Проаналізовано самонавчання як дієвий метод навчання в разі високої мотивації працівника. Виявлено взаємозв'язок між стимулюванням, мотивацією та бажанням кожного індивіда самовдосконалюватися. Сформовано та проаналізовано модель пошуку можливого потенціалу робітника. Виявлено основні етапи, за допомогою яких менеджери можуть стимулювати своїх підлеглих для того, щоб розкривати їхні можливості та покращувати продуктивність праці, фінансово-економічні показники, соціально-економічну складову підприємства. Запропоновано шляхи більш ефективного використання інноваційних методів навчання працівників та вибір найоптимальнішого серед них. Окреслено потенційні можливості організації у сфері навчання співробітників, які можуть у подальшому результативно вплинути на економічну складову підприємства та підвищити продуктивність праці, виробіток та інші, не менш важливі, фінансові показники.
The purpose of the article is to study preliminaring (involvement in work through practical training and internship of promising young professionals) as the latest method of finding and selecting employees in enterprises. The scientific works of many researchers are analyzed, the main problems faced by managers of organizations in the field of personnel administration are considered, namely: staff shortages in many areas of activity, which leads to the search for new methods of recruitment. Analyzing the most popular technologies for finding personnel, it should be emphasized that, unfortunately, preliminaring is not a popular way of recruiting, as the labor market develops and becomes more saturated, and therefore companies want to lure only qualified workers with many years of experience who can quickly start working. Therefore, as a result of the study, the main advantages and disadvantages of preliminaring are outlined. The key stages of this process are described, as well as the main tasks that preliminaring solves, and the conditions under which it is advisable to use it. The authors determine in percentage terms the use of various recruitment methods by modern enterprises, among which should be highlighted the following: headhunting, direct search, screening, recruiting, and preliminating. The main actions on the part of both enterprises and educational institutions to accelerate the use of preliminating in most organizations are described. Ways to improve the use of preliminaring and prospects for its development are proposed. It is identified that this process is mutually beneficial for students and businesses who have the opportunity to train interns in accordance with their management style. Further development of preliminaring can improve the socioeconomic indicators of society, including the level of employment, wages, quality of life.
The article substantiates the need to improve the mechanism of corporate governance in stateowned enterprises as a competitive sector of the economy, which affects the investment climate and competitiveness of the national economy. Mostly, senior management is not interested in the development of the company because their salaries are low and they are often support rich people, who are only follow own goals such as raising of own profits. The financial performance of state-owned businesses has been analyzed, and many companies have been identified that have the production potential to thrive in the national market but are operating at a loss. All state-owned enterprises have common problems, which connect with employees, who don’t care about inner problems of the company and how they can solve them because of the lack of formed responsibilities and duties in the law. The community believes that institutions are controlling all activity of state-owned enterprises, but the gap in the law has a bad influence on results of the company. As a result, it was found that the tendency to close state-owned enterprises is caused by institutional problems arising from insufficient funding, uncompetitive salaries of senior management, a bad implementation of essential tasks from directors, corruption and lobbying of political parties or individuals in the system of corporate relations. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic became one of the main reasons of liquidation of state-owned and private enterprises, which weren't ready for this new conditions. Governments of different countries tried to prevent a big financial crisis, but their actions and financial opportunities weren't enough to help enterprises to survive in harsh conditions. As a result, the financial situation of state-owned enterprises isn't acceptable and many of them don't even have money in order to pay salaries to their employees. Meanwhile, they have the production potential to prosper and to compete with other enterprises on the national and international markets. By the way, the legislative transformations of 2021, which aim to improve corporate governance at state-owned enterprises and to introduce foreign experience into the mechanism of corporate relations development, are studied. The directions of improvement of the mechanism of corporate management at the state enterprises are offered.
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