Background: Falls have been implicated as the second highest cause of disability and death in the old population across the world. Some studies have shown that physical exercise applied alone and/or combined with non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) may improve mental activity and motor functions reducing the frail and the likelihood of falls. In this research was investigated whether physical and mental exercises training (PMET) combined with the NIBS procedure would reduce better the likelihood of falls in adult's elderly as compared to the PMET by itself. Methods: A rigorous previous selective procedure was used for selecting 57 frail elderly subjects who were later randomly separated into two groups one of which nominated as experimental (FEG) and the o ther the control group (FCG). The FEG group practiced physical and mental exercises adjointly to a method of noninvasive brain stimulation. The FCG group received the same physical and mental exercises program as the FEG group practiced, but did not pass by the non-invasive brain stimulation procedure. Electroencephalographic data, propensity for falls and reaction time were evaluated in a version of pre and post intervention comparisons. The obtained data were treated using ANOVA ONE WAY with Tukey's posterior test, Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn's and Spearman's correlation, all with a significance of 5%. Results: The conjugation of the NIBS to physical and mental training promoted decrease of the propensity for falls, enhance the reaction time, and modulated, both, Alpha and SMR bands. If taken together, it can be assumed that this program, moreover, was also efficient to reduce the adult's elderly of the experimental group their physical and mental frailty as indicated by their frailty test scores taken comparatively between the pre to the post intervention performances.

Background: Exercise is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for the enhancement of neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory health. In particular, High-Intense Intermittent Training (HIIT) has been implicated in health management; however, in specific populations such as the elderly, is needed more investigations. Objective: The aim is to determine the impact of HIIT in the neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory fitness of the elderly. Methods: Thirty-two elderly volunteers, 71.0 ± 2.1 years, were randomly divided into two groups, control (CG) (n = 16), that did not participate in any interventions, and experimental (EG) (n = 16) that participated in a 12-week exercise program based on HIIT 3 times a week, and 40 minutes by a meeting. Both groups were subjected before and after the intervention period to neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory testing, and monthly were clinically evaluated by a Physician. Results: No orthopaedic events were reported to both groups, and the CG showed no enhancement to all variables. The EG, muscular endurance of the upper limbs was enhanced (p <0.0001), as was muscular endurance of the lower limbs (p <0.0001), localized muscular endurance of abdominal muscles (p <0.0001), lower limb muscle power (p <0.0001) and aerobic power (p <0.0001). There were no adverse events during or after the intervention period. Conclusion: HIIT is an effective strategy to promote enhancement of neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly and showed safe because no orthopaedic and cardiovascular events were reported.

is more efficient than moderate continuous training for management of body composition, lipid profile and glucose metabolism in the diabetic elderly.

No abstract

Durante a gestação, o corpo da mulher transforma-se para adaptar-se a um novo ser que está sendo gerado. Dentre as mudanças orgânicas, as que ocorrem no sistema urinário são destacadas neste estudo, em especial a incontinência, pelo fato de, mesmo que mínima, poder ser vivenciada de forma dramática pela mulher jovem. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a prevalência de incontinência urinária (IU) durante a gravidez. O método que orientou a pesquisa foi do tipo exploratório quantitativo, uma vez que se utilizou estatística descritiva e inferencial do tipo ex-post-facto, de campo. Foi selecionada uma amostra de 501 mulheres portadoras de gravidez única, em uma maternidade no município do Rio de Janeiro. Para a coleta dos dados, utilizou-se entrevista estruturada, utilizando-se da Versão Curta do Questionário para Avaliação de Incontinência. Os resultados apontaram que 31,1% queixaram-se de IU na gestação; dessas 3,2% apresentaram o sintoma no primeiro trimestre, 21,8% no segundo e 75,0% no terceiro trimestre da gestação. As variáveis cor/raça; índice de massa corporal; microssomia; parto vaginal anterior; e episiotomia; e/ou laceração perineal não mostraram associação com IU na gestação. Concluiu-se que, no grupo selecionado, houve maior prevalência de IU no terceiro trimestre da gravidez, que os fatores de risco investigados não foram associados à IU, porém os incômodos de natureza social e higiênica devem ser considerados. Palavras-chave: Incontinência Urinária. Gestante. Bem-estar Materno.