Export subsidies have been an important element of U.S. agricultural policy. After the aport boom of the early 1970's. their importance declined until the emergence of the Export Enhancement Program (EEP) in 1985. The EEP will retain its importance over the next few years. During certain time periods, s ecific commodity markets provide opportunities for an EEP to l L effective.Here we analyze the barley EEP for 1986187 and 1987188. The barley EEP was urobably more effective than the wheat EEP in boosting exports. ~esearchers should continue to conduct additional empirically-based studies of other commodities, especially high-valuedproduck, to provide more information for poli~ymak~rs.

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This study gives an overview of the US government non-price export promotion programs. FAS data on the Cooperator and Targeted Export Assistance (TEA) Programs were examined to identify how program expenditures have been allocated among activities, commodities, and regions. Analysis shows that while a significant portion of the TEA funds have been spent in highly developed countries, Cooperator Program promotions have been conducted worldwide. Traditional commodities (grains and oilseeds) received 55% of Cooperator funds, and horticultural products received 53% of the TEA allocations during the 1986-1988 period. The majority of TEA promotional activities have been consumer-oriented.During the 1980s, appreciation of the dollar, recession in the world economy, and high domestic support prices reduced demand for US agricultural products.

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