ABSTRACT:The pharmacological effects of intraperitoneal administration of different doses of vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) on the histological and sperm parameters of male guinea pigs were investigated. Also investigated were the effects of oral pretreatment with different doses of vitamin E (a known protein kinase C inhibitor) on the V 2 O 5 -induced responses of the testis and liver of male guinea pigs. In n = 5 experiments, vanadium pentoxide in the dose range of 4.5-12.5mg/kg caused destruction of the testicular and liver architecture. This was characterized by a reduction in spermatogonia, destruction of seminiferous tubules, necrosis of the testicular tissues, necrosis of liver cells, fatty cells infiltration and vacoulation. Oral administration/ pretreatment with vitamin E in the dose range of 500-2000I.U caused a reversal of the vanadium pentoxide -induced histological damages of the testis and the liver cells. Furthermore, in n = 5 animals experiments, Vanadium pentoxide (4.5-12.5 mg/kg/) caused a statistically significant increase in the percentage basal cell death, from 5.0 to 75.0 ± 1.0%, reduction in sperm motility from 90.0 to 31.0 ± 3.9%, reduction in sperm count from 80.0 x10 6 cells/ml to 25.0± 4.0 x 10 6 cells/ml and alteration in the spermatic cell morphology ( i.e. causing a change in the cellular structure of sperm cells and an increase in abnormal cells count) of the male guinea pigs. These inhibitory effects were significant at P < 0.05 (ANOVA). These effects were all dose-and time-dependent and may have a role in oxidative pathology of vanadium pentoxide. @ JASEM

Summary:The effects of different doses of Ammonium metavanadate on the biochemical, haematological, hormonal and histopathological parameters of stilbesterol treated female Wistar rats were investigated. Ammonium metavanadate in the dose-range 0-6mg/kg caused a bi-phasic and time-dependent response on the acid (total and prostate) phosphatase.. Furthermore ammonium metavanadate caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the serum alkaline phosphatases. The maximal inhibitory response at 5mg/kg of ammonium metavanadate was 40.0 ± 1.69 compared to 65.0 ± 0.94 control values. Ammonium metavanadate also caused a positively correlated biphasic response in the serum female hormonal concentrations with an initial increase, followed by a time-dependent decrease in the serum values of luteinizing (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin . Furthermore ammonium metavanadate also caused time-and dose-dependent effects on the haematological parameters. The effects were biphasic-increase within 72 hours and a reduction in the values of haemoglobin and packed cell volume within 7-28 days. The white blood count and lymphocyte counts were also reduced significantly at P ≤ 0.05. However the neutrophil counts were increased dose-and time-dependently. Finally, ammonium metavanadate caused a dose-dependent destruction of the liver and female reproductive organs namely the uterus, ovary and fallopian tubes. These were characterized by necrosis, oedema, eosinophilic deposits and vacuolation. These results may be explained by the oxidative effects caused by the free oxygen (O 2 ) radical generated by the metavanadate ions.

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papillary apocrine changes) and strong family Background: Fibroadenomas are benign history of breast cancer. These women, despite breast tumours that are commonly diagnosed in having excised the fibroadenomas, stand a 4

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