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Glioma is the most aggressive tumor of glial cells of brain and spinal cord, even in the presence current multimodal therapeutic regimens the life expectancy of more then 2 year is very rare and it comprise 30 percent of all brain tumors. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs produced naturally in the body and control gene expression. Many evidence-based hypotheses show that miRNA expression is aberrantly influenced in glioma due to amplification or deletion of miRNA genes, inappropriate transcriptional regulation of miRNAs, dysregulated epigenetic alterations, or faults in the miRNA biogenesis machinery. In some circumstances, miRNAs promote tumorigenesis, whereas under other circumstances, they can act as tumour suppressors in glioma. In glioma, miRNA involved in cell proliferation signalling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, tumour cell infiltration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. More and more research is pointing to miRNAs as prospective biomarkers for glioma diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment targets or tools, however these claims have yet to be validated. Here we discuss the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as tumour suppressors and oncogenes in the growth of glioma.

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