The increasing chemicalization of production and life leads to the pollution of water bodies by chemicals, the effect of which on the micro - and macro - organisms is poorly understood. This section of the study in sanitary bacteriology is becoming ever more topical and is an important task of modern hygienic science. One of complicacies of the study of the problem is related with the fact that the presence of only experimental data fails to be sufficient, as the impact of any given chemical substance on different bacteria in the experiment does not mean that under natural conditions, similar results will be obtained. One reason for this may be the inhibitory effect of the given chemical on biological properties of bacteria, while in field conditions in the water several chemicals interacting with each other can exist. In this regard, the aim of the work was to assess the indicator value of sanitary and microbiological indices of epidemic hazard of water use in conditions of chemical pollution of surface water bodies.

The article highlights the main problems of parasite monitoring in the Russian Federation and reveals a number of important tasks that need to be addressed in the coming years. To carry out qualitative monitoring of parasites in Russia, statistical data should be informative and reliable, only it will contribute to the solution of the tasks.

Introduction. The high level of trade, population migration, and changes in the infrastructure of economic activity in the regions created the prerequisites for the dispersal and adaptation of parasitic pathogens to new factors, including adverse environmental and climatic conditions of their circulation. For the first time on the example of the distribution of long-term average incidence rates among the four most common parasitic nosological forms, the etiological factor of which is the causative agents of different taxonomic groups, systematized by the type of their circulation in various environmental objects: ascariasis (soil), enterobiosis (household items), opisthorchiasis (fish, products processing), echinococcosis (soil, water, contact with sick animals, processed products of animal raw materials. At the same time, a high level of soil contamination resistance (42.1%), surface runoff (41.8%), surface water (42.5%), sewage sludge (35.1%) characterizes the resistance of the parasitic system to the effects of the existing anthropogenic press on the causative agents of helminth and protozoal infestations and indicates the maintenance of active circulation of pathogens in the environment. Material and methods. The analysis of the average long-term level of parasitic morbidity and changes in the boundaries of the territorial distribution of parasitoses over the past 10 years (2009-2018) in 85 administrative units of the Russian Federation. The epidemiological development trend is determined by the methods of ranking the dynamic series of incidence with categorization by levels relative to the average Russian indices of parasitic incidence and calculation of the linear trend. Results. The calculation data are plotted on the administrative-territorial map of Russia with the help of a GIS program (MapInfo Pro 16) with the allocation of SMPZ levels for each nosology - single, low, medium, high, super high. Conclusion. Calculations of the development of linear trends of medium and low levels, as well as single cases of morbidity, were shown to allow differentiating the development trend of the epidemic process and draw prognostic conclusions.

Introduction. The high incidence of diphyllobotriosis in the coastal areas of Lake Baikal is an objective reflection of the socio-hygienic problems of the population of the Republic of Buryatia. In ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being in the Republic of Buryatia, there are many topical and territory-specific hygienic problems related to food safety issues. One of the main tasks is to prevent cases of diphyllobotriosis associated with the consumption of aquatic bioresources caught in the reservoirs of Transbaikalia, including the Baikal omul, in connection with the preservation of the risk of its development from the impact of a complex of socioeconomic, biological and environmental factors of the environment.The purpose of our study was to investigate the regional features of diphyllobothriosis with an analysis of the current situation on infection of fish (the second intermediate hosts of the genus diphyllobothrium) with diphyllobothrium plerocercoids.Material and methods. The database of the Republican information Fund for social and hygienic monitoring of the Department of Federal Service for Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare for the Republic of Buryatia and the Center for hygiene and epidemiology in the Republic of Buryatia was used as sources of information. The study was conducted using statistical, analytical, mathematical methods, as well as comparative analysis.Results. According to our research, the course of the epidemic process was found to be influenced by a complex of environmental factors. This high anthropogenic load of the Selenga river and lake Quill, where the main causes are the failure modes of nature-protection and sanitary-protective zones of the lake, the unauthorized disposal of waste production and consumption, inadequate operation of water purification facilities, deterioration of the sanitary-technical condition of water supply and sewage networks.Conclusion. The high incidence of diphyllobotriosis in the coastal areas of lake Baikal is an objective reflection of the socio-hygienic problems of the population of the Republic of Buryatia.

Introduction. Modern parasitology is an area of interdisciplinary research that uses the methods and approaches of various biological disciplines, such as genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics, ecology, biology, medicine, veterinary medicine, climatology, using methods of landscape-geographical mapping, mathematical modeling to assess the parasitological situation and predict its dynamics. New problems associated with the parasitic aspects of global climate change, the introduction of new host species and parasites (pathogens), and anthropogenic transformation of natural ecosystems become topical. In this regard, the primary tasks for optimizing the socio-hygienic monitoring of the parasitic safety of the environment is the introduction of new methodological approaches for ranking territories - the risk according to the species composition and intensity of circulation of pathogens of parasitic diseases, the trend in changes in their range of pathogens and epidemiological properties in anthropogenically determined conditions. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the methodology for choosing a territory for optimizing social and hygienic monitoring and substantiating proposals for the unification of hygienic standards for parasitological indicators of environmental safety. Materials and methods. Experimental parasitological monitoring was carried out at the pilot site. 712 samples were studied using unified methods of parasitological research of biomaterial (MUK 4.2.3145-13 “Laboratory diagnostics of helminthiases and protozooses”) and environmental objects (MUK 4.2.2661-10 “Methods of sanitary and parasitological research”). Results. Data were obtained on the high intensity of the circulation of pathogens of parasitic diseases in the environment - 25%. More than 15 types of pathogens of parasitic diseases have been systematized. Limitations. The limitations of the study were associated with the lack of development of diagnostic tools for the genetic identification of parasitic pathogens within the same systematic group by PCR analysis. Conclusion. Methodological disagreements in various normative documents to the composition of the “target indicators” of research are determined. The practical part of the work included the collection of material from people and animals, from environmental objects. A new approach to the hygienic standardization of parasitological indicators based on group systematization of the propagative stages of development of parasites with subsequent methodological determination of their taxonomic affiliation is substantiated.