No abstract

FA is a noninvasive correlate of several important renal allograft histopathology scores and a potential noninvasive method of assessing renal allograft health in pediatric allograft recipients.

Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. List the indications for peritoneal dialysis (PD) in neonates. 2. Delineate neonates who are poor candidates for PD. 3. Review the parameters of the PD prescription. 4. Review special nutrition considerations for neonates who are undergoing PD. 5. Review potential complications of PD in neonates.

The purpose of this study was to compare IVIM values in pediatric renal transplants with histopathology and clinical management change. Fifteen pediatric renal transplant recipients (mean 15.7±2.9 years) were prospectively scanned on a 3T MR scanner with multi-b DTI, prior to same-day transplant biopsy. IVIM maps from 14 subjects were analyzed (one excluded due to motion). Mean values were computed from cortical ROIs and medullary ROIs corresponding to the biopsy site. Subjects were also grouped according to whether or not the biopsy resulted in a change in clinical management. Cortico-medullary IVIM estimates and histopathologic Banff scores were correlated with KT. Cortico-medullary IVIM differences between the "change" and "no change" groups was compared with Mann-Whitney U test. Cortical D showed significant moderate negative correlation with Banff t and ci scores (KT=-0.497, P=.035 and KT=-0.46, P=.046) and moderate positive correlation with Banff i score (KT=0.527, P=.028). Cortical P showed significant moderate correlation with ci and ct scores (KT=0.489, P=.035 and KT=0.457, P=.043). Tissue diffusivity, D , estimated with IVIM was significantly different between the "change" and "no change" groups in medullary ROIs (U=6, P=.021). IVIM analysis has potential as a noninvasive biomarker in assessment of pediatric renal allograft pathology.