What is known and objective Sepsis is a life‐threatening organ dysfunction associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Appropriate antibiotic therapy remains the cornerstone of sepsis and septic shock management. Comment Although the early initiation of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of sepsis is widely acknowledged, the selection and adjustment to optimal dosage can be equally important. Since significant pathophysiological changes in the critically ill patients lead to altered pharmacokinetics of antibiotics, early consideration of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties is necessary for optimal antibiotic dosing in sepsis and should be integrated in practice. What is new and conclusion Where possible, an individualized antibiotic dosing approach through the application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) service should replace the conventional dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis. Finally, antimicrobial stewardship can help improve clinical outcomes.

No abstract

Tanacetum balsamita locally called Shahesparam is an aromatic plant that grows widely in Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Due to the widespread use of T. balsamita as a pain killer and relief of inflammatory based disorders in Iranian folk medicine and considering the high content of essential oil in T. balsamita aerial parts, we were prompted to investigate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of T. balsamita essential oil (TBEO) for the first time. The carrageenan-induced Paw Edema was used for inflammation evaluation in rat, and hot-plate method was used for pain assessment in mice. Different doses of TBEO were administered. Morphine and Mefenamic acid were used as the standard drugs in antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory evaluation tests, respectively. TBEO (100 mg/kg) showed significantly anti-nociceptive activity in hot-plate test. The anti-inflammatory activity of TBEO was found to be more than mefenamic acid. The studied oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The major component of the oil was characterized as carvone (39.8%) which might be responsible for the observed activities. The results suggested that TBEO possessed biologically active constituents that had significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects which support the ethno-medicinal claims of the plant application in the management of pain and inflammation.

No abstract

No abstract