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The psychological resilience of owner-managers provides novel insights towards a better understanding of small business resilience during exogenous shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological resilience involves an individual's ability to adapt or thrive in the face of life's adversities and uncertainties. We conduct a longitudinal qualitative study, collecting data from 35 small business owner-managers between April and December 2020. We reveal a sequential process centred on owner-managers and on their abilities to build-up or strengthen any personal and leadership resilient capacities, which appear to be prerequisites for the establishment of resilient actions at the level of the small business. We contribute theoretically by conceptualizing the links and path dependencies between personal, leadership (role), and organizational resilience in small businesses. In conclusion, our study provides practical implications on essential personal-level responses that can guide the leadership role of owner-managers in the midst of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic.

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PurposeSmart cities and their internationalization process and efforts in order to gain the competitive advantage in the international arena have received a great deal of attention by marketing scholars and practitioners alike. Yet, the growing number of studies focused on this topic has led to considerable fragmentation and theoretical confusion.Design/methodology/approachTo move the domain forward, this study applies the systematic review methodology and reviews 41 peer-reviewed articles published in highly esteemed publication outlets.FindingsBuilding on the antecedents–phenomenon–consequences framework, the authors discuss the antecedents and consequences of the various innovative marketing strategies that smart cities adopt for their internationalization and development of an international competitive advantage. In the process of doing so, the authors synthesize the findings of the studies as well as literature gaps that provide fruitful avenues for future research.Originality/valueThis article offers a systematic review of extant marketing research on smart cities and their efforts to internationalize. In particular, this study advances the conceptual development of smart city internationalization and innovation by a marketing lens, provides an integrative, international-oriented framework that maps the extant literature across disciplines and countries, expands the boundaries of this research domain into new research paths and offers implications for policy and practice.

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