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A simple one-step purification method, using expanded bed, ion-exchange chromatography, for the fractionation of nisin Z produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis A164 was developed. The highest dynamic binding capacity (0.92) of the adsorbent was obtained at a superficial velocity of 367 cm h(-1), resulting in approx. 2.7-fold bed expansion. The range of pH for the maximum adsorption was 3-4. The isocratic elution with 0.15 M NaCl led to approx. >90% recovery. Single-step purification of nisin Z from unclarified A164 culture broth resulted in 31-fold purification with a 90% yield.

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A bacterial strain, THG-S15-4 T , was isolated from garden soil taken from the Guro-gu district of Seoul, Republic of Korea. Strain THG-S15-4 T was Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccus-shaped and non-motile, forming white colonies. The strain grew optimally at 25-37 8C, at pH 7.0 and in the presence of 0-2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed that strain THG-S15-4 T was affiliated to species of the genus Brachybacterium, and the most closely related species were Brachybacterium rhamnosum KCTC 9917 T (98.5 % sequence similarity) and Brachybacterium squillarum KCTC 19899 T (96.9 % sequence similarity). The DNA-DNA relatedness between strain THG-S15-4 T and B. rhamnosum KCTC 9917 T was found to be below 20.0 %. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 69.5 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone detected was MK-7.Strain THG-S15-4 T was characterized chemotaxonomically as having meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified glycolipids and an unidentified polar lipid. The major fatty acids were found to be iso-C 16 : 0 and anteiso-C 15 : 0 .The results of physiological and biochemical tests enabled strain THG-S15-4 T to be differentiated phenotypically from species of the genus Brachybacterium with validly published names. Therefore, it is suggested that this newly isolated organism represents a novel species, for which the name Brachybacterium horti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is

Rhizobium radiobacter T6102 was morphologically purified by the aniline blue agar plates to give two distinct colonies; white smooth mucoid colony (T6102W) and blue rough colony (T6102B). The coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10) was produced just by T6102W, showing 2.0 mg/g of CoQ 10 content, whereas the T6102B did not produce the CoQ 10. All of the used CoQ 10 biosynthetic precursors enhanced the CoQ 10 production by T6102W. Specifically, the supplementation of 0.75 mM isopentenyl alcohol improved the CoQ 10 concentration (19.9 mg/l) and content (2.4 mg/g) by 42% and 40%, respectively.