Bahasa Inggris untuk tujuan khusus (ESP) memiliki peranan dalam mengembangkan kompetensi mahasiswa apabila program dan materi pembelajaran dirancang dan dikembngkan berdasarkan kebutuhan mereka. Cakupan kebahasaan dalam ESP dalam hal tertentu berbeda dengan bahasa Inggris umum. Program dan materi ESP berorientasi pada tujuan, karena itu perlu dipahami bahwa bahasa Inggris mempunyai fungsi dan peranan sebagai alat komuniksi dalam menyampaikan pemikiran dan perasaan kepada orang lain.  Program dan materi ESP yang dirancang dan dikembangkan dengan baik diharapakan mempunyai peranan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi bahasa Inggris mereka secara khusus. Dengan demikian, diharapkan lulusan bahasa dan sastra Inggris mampu menguasai bidangnya dan juga mampu menguasai bahasa Inggris pada bidang ilmu lainnya secara khusus.

Writing is a difficult skill for the students at SMPN 26 Makassar. It could be seen from the result of a diagnostic test which showed the ability of the second year students of SMPN 26 Makassar in writing paragraphs was still poor. The students were unable to express their ideas well in making descriptive texts. The research used Classroom Action Research that consisted of planning, action, observation, and reflection. It conducted in two cycles in which each cycle comprised four meetings. The subjects of this research were 28 students of the second year students of SMPN 26 Makassar.The findings indicated that the students’ ability to write descriptive text in cycle 1 has not reached the score target because the mean score of the students was 66.52 that classified as “fairly good” whereas, In cycle 2 the students’ mean score was 75.26. It indicated that the score target has been reached and classified as “Good”. Therefore, the researcher suggested the English teacher apply Four Square Writing Method as one of the alternative ways of teaching writing subject in the classroom especially in teaching the descriptive text.

Umumnya lingkungan berbahasa Arab hanya terdapat di pesantren, namun semakin hari program semacam ini juga turut berkembang di lingkungan madrasah non-pesantren. Tidak hanya menjadikan bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa yang dipelajari di kelas, tetapi juga menerapkannya secara luas di lingkungan sekolah.. Di Kota Batu Jawa Timur terdapat sebuah Madrasah Aliyah Bilingual swasta yang fokus pada pembiasaan bahasa Arab dan Inggris bagi siswanya dengan sederet prestasi para siswanya di bidang kebahasaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana cara menciptakan lingkungan berbahasa Arab di Madrasah Aliyah Bilingual Kota Batu?. Digunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus dan data diambil melalui wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi 3 tahap, yaitu Data Reduction, Data Display, Conclusions or Drawing or verifying. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa lingkungan berbahasa di Madrasah Aliyah Bilingual Kota Batu terwujud melalui strategi terencana dan terstruktur yang dilaksanakan oleh seluruh elemen yang ada di lingkungan sekolah tersebut. Utamanya guru-guru yang selalu menumbuhkan semangat berbahasa Arab pada diri siswa dan membiasakan penggunaan bahasa Arab dalam interaksi mereka dengan para siswa. Sehingga interaksi antara siswa pun juga dilakukan dengan bahasa Arab. Guru juga aktif melaksanakan upaya-upaya meningkatkan prestasi siswa-siswanya dalam bentuk pembinaan bahasa serta keikutsertaan pada lomba atau kegiatan internal sekolah maupun eksternal.

The aims of this research were to describe the reiteration and to know the collocation in the novel ‗Jane Eyre‘ by Charlotte Bronte and it was analyzed by using the descriptive method. It was to indicate the lexical cohesion. This research described the methods which commonly consisted of two techniques, namely data collection and data analysis. Data collection consisted of the text of the novel  Jane Eyre‘ by Charlotte Bronte and data analysis consisted of the tables of cohesive items through the novel, 80 sentences taken from the first chapter. The results of this study found out that there were two types of lexical cohesion, namely reiteration and collocation. It could be seen in the novel Jane Eyre‘ by Charlotte Bronte that there were 4 kinds of reiteration which had found, they were 5 items of repetition, 17 items of synonym, 4 items of superordinate, and 6 items of general word. Besides, there were 6 items of collocation. So that, the writer concluded that the author (Charlotte Bronte) mostly used synonym to avoid repetition in her novel especially in the first chapter under the title Gateshead. Meanwhile, this result hopefully would motivate the people to learn about discourse analysis moreover to know about lexical cohesion itself.

The objective of this research to identify students’ translation skills based on Continuum and to find out the students’ difficulties in translation at the fifth semester students English Department Makassar Muhammadiyah University. This research applied the descriptive qualitative research for the data collection by using translation paper test consisting 3 short paragraph with title “Food, Nutrition and Health” and an open-ended questionnaire consisting five numbers. The data was taken from 30 students in 10 class by using random sampling technique. The result of this research was in general the students have a good translation skills. Although the students result is not consistent yet. It can be seen from the students translation paper test result. The translation result understandable in some parts. Then the difficulties that students faced in translation are 2 aspects, first is diction and the second is meaning. They rarely choose appropriate words, because they took wrong word and also got the incorrect meaning. Besides the result from the translation paper test it can be seen in the questionnaire, there are some students stated that the difficulties in translation is the choose appropriate words.