SMEs are a source of livelihood for small and medium communities in areas in Indonesia. Currently, the government is actively assisting SMEs players in building their businesses in order to improve the family economy and the economy of the people in the region. The size of the contribution of SMEs in supporting the economy of a country so that the existence of SMEs is highly expected by any country because of its vital role in the development and progress of the economy to achieve people’s welfare. The establishment of a business in the SMEs sector is able to absorb the number of workforces who are ready to work but have not yet got a job so that it can reduce the number of unemployed. In establishing a business, SMEs actors should have a legality license or business license to run their business. The importance of legality for SMEs activists is that in running their business entrepreneurs do not need to be confused when their merchandise or business is tested to find out the feasibility and legality of the business they are running. Implementation in the ease of granting permits for SMEs is still not possible in all regions because there are still regional heads who have not issued regulations to delegate the authority to issue SMEs permits to sub-districts. Business licenses or SMEs that have received legality of their products to get it easier in running their business. Business licensing provisions that need to be owned by entrepreneurs in the form of Company Business License are based on the Regulation of the Minister of Trade No. 46/2009 concerning Amendments to Permendag No.36/2007 concerning Issuance of Trading Business Permits.

Pada hakikatnya judicial review dilaksanakan demi terciptanya keseimbangan hukum dan terpenuhinya hak konstitusional setiap pemangku kepentingan untuk bertindak dan mengajukan permohonan pembatalan suatu undang-undang kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan menyatakan undang-undang tersebut telah bertentangan dengan UUD RI 1945. Pengujian undang-undang terhadap UUD 1945 dilakukan dalam upaya penyempurnaan hukum yang berlandaskan konstitusi. Setiap undang-undang haruslah dilandasi oleh aturan dasar yang tidak hanya tercantum pada konsiderannya saja, melainkan dibuat serta dilaksanakan berlandaskan nilai dan norma konstitusionalitas. judicial review yang selama ini dilakukan oleh banyak pihak pada Mahkamah Konstitusi membuktikan bahwa kualitas produk hukum atau aturan hukum yang selama ini dilahirkan oleh pembuat undang-undang seringkali bertolak belakang dengan keteraturan hukum, sehingga diperlukan langkah hukum preventive demi menjaga integritas lembaga pembentuk undang-undang agar tidak dianggap melahirkan produk hukum yang asal-asalan. Oleh karena itu, di dalam penelitian ini akan mengkaji dan menginisiasi pembentukan produk hukum yang berkualitas konstitusi sehingga Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga pengawal konstitusi memberikan kontribusi dengan cita konstitusi dan melahirkan produk hukum dengan kualitas konstitusi. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan betapa pentingnya upaya preventive sebelum suatu aturan hukum kemudian ditetapkan, disahkan dan dilaksanakan, dimana ada persoalan konstitusionalitas terhadap implementasi suatu produk hukum yang kemudian oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dinyatakan bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia 1945.Basically, judicial review has done to create a balance of law and to fulfill the constitutional right for every stakeholder to act and apply for application to constitutional court by stating the rule was contradicted to the constitution of Republic of Indonesia 1945. The application was made as an effort to perfect the law which is based on the constitution. Each rule has to be based on the basic rules, not only on its consideration but also is made and implemented in basic values and norms of contitutionality. Judicial review done by many people on constitutional court has proven that the quality of law product or rules of law made by the legislative often contradict with constitutional order of law, so it is necessary to take a step on preventive legal measurer to keep up the integrity of the rule maker of being judged making unqualified legal products. Therefore, this research reviews and initiates the production of law product so that the Constitutional Court can give preventive contribution on each legal products made, to be able to run with the ideals of the constitution and create legal products with constitution quality. This research used juridical normative method with legal and conceptual approaches. The results of this study illustrate how important preventive efforts before a rule of law are then set, ratified and implemented. In which there is a constitutional issue on the implementation of a legal product, that will be later declared by the Constitutional Court to be contradictory to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesian.

The history of the development of the Indonesian financial system, the system of financial institutions underwent a very fundamental change, especially after entering the era of deregulation, the policy package October 27, 1988 which then continued with the enactment of several laws in the field of finance and banking since 1992, starting from the Banking Act, Act Insurance Act, Pension Fund Act, Capital Market Law, until the Bank Indonesia Law. The consequence of the issuance of this law is the change in the structure of the financial institutions in Indonesia. In addition, from the aspect of regulation and fostering, financial institutions are becoming increasingly clear and strong because they already have legal power, especially in the field of insurance and pension funds, which were previously legally regulated only on financial ministerial decisions. This paper analyzes the latest developments in the country's financial system in Indonesia. This paper aims to provide an overview, study, and compare about the developing financial system in Indonesia with several cases of existing financial systems both domestically and abroad. This paper also uses a comparative model of laws, where these laws relate directly or indirectly to the country's financial system.

ABSTRAKSecara global, konsumsi rokok atau tembakau menyebabkan 5 juta kematian per tahun, terutama di negara berkembang. Sampai saat ini kondisi kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia juga semakin kompleks. Menurut hasil survei pendahuluan yang dilakukan di RT. 006 RW. 003 Kelurahan Guntung Paikat yang dilaksanakan pada 26 sampel kepala keluarga didapatkan sebanyak 12KK (46,15%) yang menyatakan bahwa anggota rumah tangga yang merokok. Bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan bisa berdampak dalam bentuk fisik, psikologis, sosial maupun fisiologis (ketergantungan). Sehingga permasalahan merokok merupakan permasalahan utama yang perlu ditangani. Kegiatan intervensi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan penyuluhan dengan pemberian media audio-visual “The Effect Of Smoke” sebagai upaya untuk mengatasi masalah perilaku merokok di Wilayah RT. 006 RW. 003 Kelurahan Guntung Paikat, Kota Banjarbaru. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan diawali dengan pembukaan, dilanjutkan pre-test, kemudian pemberian materi menggunakan media audio-visual “The Effect of Smoke” diikuti dengan diskusi interaktif/sharing dan tanya jawab bersama masyarakat dan dilanjutkan pengisisan post-test, serta penutup. Peserta terlihat antusias saling sharing mengenai kebiasaan merokok dan cukup aktif bertanya dalam kegiatan penyuluhan tersebut. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan setiap peserta yang hadir pada kegiatan mendapatkan peningkatan baik secara pengetahuan maupun sikap terkait perilaku merokok. Materi yang menarik dengan disertai gambar-gambar dan ilustrasi bahaya merokok dengan video akan lebih meningkatkan perhatian peserta. Kata kunci: edukasi; merokok; audio-visual. ABSTRACTGlobally, cigarette or tobacco consumption causes 5 million deaths per year, mainly in developing countries. Until now, the condition of public health in Indonesia is also increasingly complex. According to the results of a preliminary survey conducted in RT. 006 RW. 003 Guntung Paikat Sub-district which was carried out on 26 samples of family heads obtained as many as 12 KK (46.15%) which stated that household members smoked. The dangers of smoking for health can have an impact in the form of physical, psychological, social and physiological (dependence). The problem is smoking is a major problem that needs to be addressed. This intervention activity aims to provide education and counseling by providing audio-visual media "The Effect Of Smoke" as an effort to overcome smoking behavior problems in the RT Area. 006 RW. 003 Guntung Paikat Village, Banjarbaru City. The method of implementing the extension activities begins with an opening, followed by a pre-test, then presents the material using audio-visual media "The Effect of Smoke" followed by discussion/sharing and question and answer with the community and the continuation of filling out the post-test, as well as closing. Participants seemed quite enthusiastic about sharing about smoking habits and actively asking questions in the counseling activity. The results of the discussion showed that every participant who attended the activity got an increase in both knowledge and attitude related to smoking behavior. Interesting material accompanied by pictures and illustrations of smoking with videos will further increase participants' attention. Keywords: education; smoking; audio-visual.

Given a graph G consisting of vertex set V and edget set E, repectively. Assume G is simple, connected, and the edges do not have direction. A function λ that maps V ∪ E into a set of κ-integers is named a totally irregular total k-labelling if no vertices have the same weight and also the edges of G get distinct weights. We call the minimum number k for which G has totally irregular total k-labelling as total irregularity strength of G, ts(G). In this article, we construct labels of vertices and edges of caterpillar graphs which have q internal vertices of degree 3 where q is 5,7, and 9. We obtain the exact values of ts in the following: n + 2 if the caterpillars have q=5 internal vertices, n + 3 for q=7, and n + 4 for q=9.