Pengaruh pemberian asap cair kayu galam pada kemasan edible film terhadap penurunan mutu ikan patin (Pangasius sp.) selama penyimpananThe effect of galam liquid smoke (Malaleuca leucadendra) incorporated with edible film as preservative for catfish (Pangasius sp.) during storage
Liquid smoke is a liquid product made from the condensation of smoke from carbonization process of lignocellulosic material. Liquid smoke of wooden galam (Melaleuca leucadendra) is a material that can be used as a natural preservative on fish. The use of an edible film packaging with the addition of liquid smoke of wooden galam is a good alternative to improve the durability and quality of fish during storage. This research is aimed to determine the effect of liquid smoke of wooden galam in biodegradable film for fish preservation. The edible film formulas were gelatin-pectin (AB), gelatin-smoke liquid (AC), and gelatin-pectin-smoke liquid (ABC) and compared with control (without treatment). The parameters of fish storage observed were pH measurement, Total Volatile Base-Nitrogen (TVBN), and microbiological test. The result after 10 days of storage showed that the pH value were 5.45 incontrol, AB 5.43, AC 5.47 and ABC 5.46; theTVBN values were 48 mgN/100gin control, AB 32 mgN/100g, AC 36 mgN/100g and ABC 36 mgN/100g; as well as microbiological testing, TPC value on 15x106 CFU/g, AB 11x103 CFU/g, AC 18.5x103 CFU/g, and ABC 4x103 controls and Coliform controls 5.0x106, AB 3.5x102, AC 1.0x101, and ABC 4.0x100. The treatment of liquid wooden galam smoke in a form of biodegradable film was capable to maintain the quality of fish better than without treatment shown in the low microbiological testing values (TPC and Coliform), eventhough it did not show significant effect in maintaining the TVB value during 10 days storage at ± 4° C. Keywords: liquid smoke, Coliform, edible film, pH, TPC
Bakso merupakan olahan pangan daging yang banyak disukai berbagai kalangan masyarakat karena rasa dan teksturnya yang kenyal. Umumnya adonan bakso diberi bahan tambahan pangan pengenyal berupa Sodium Tripolifosfat (STPP). Sementara itu, ada glukomannan yang merupakan salah satu hidrogel yang memiliki kemampuan menyerap air hingga lebih dari seratus kali beratnya yang banyak terkandung pada umbi porang. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan dan pengolahan tepung glukomanan umbi porang untuk produk olahan bakso sehingga berpotensi menggantikan pengenyal sintetis komersial seperti STTP. Metode isolasi glukomannan menggunakan metode kering dan metode basah yang diproses menjadi tepung glukomannan untuk membuat produk olahan bakso. Hasil pengukuran kualitas tepung dan produk bakso kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan berdasarkan SNI serta literatur dan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi pemurnian glukomanan menggunakan metode basah lebih berhasil dibandingkan metode kering. Kadar glukomanan yang diperoleh berkisar antara 56,02 -57,17% dengan viskositas yang relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan glukomanan komersial yaitu antara 2.760 -2.800 cP tetapi solubilitas glukomanan relatif kecil dibanding dengan komersial yaitu antara 7,5 -12,125%. Hasil pembuatan bakso menunjukkan bahwa tepung glukomanan umbi porang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan kimia STPP untuk mengenyalkan produk bakso olahan. Hasil pengujian tepung glukomanan dan bakso secara keseluruhan telah memenuhi standar SNI tepung terigu dan SNI bakso Kata Kunci : Bakso, produk pangan, tepung glukomannan, umbi porang
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