No abstract

Qualitative and energy performance of a plough largely depends on the parameters of the plough linkage mechanism. The aim of the research is to substantiate the parameters of plough linkage for smooth sloughing, which turns the layers within its furrow to a tractor of 1.4 classes. In researches methods of classical mechanics are applied. The effects of the field relief on the plough’s angular vibrations leading to changes in the depth of the hull stroke and its power load are studied. The dependencies for determining the plough linkage parameters are obtained. Theoretical studies have shown that the plough’s stroke uniformity and traction resistance are significantly affected by the longitudinal distance between the bodies, the vertical coordinate of the plough’s lower fingers and the height of the attachment triangle.n order to ensure the required uniformity of running at the working depth and minimum traction resistance, the following parameters of the attachment to tractors of class 1.4 are set: rack height and base width of the attachment triangle respectively 0.55-0.56 m and 0.70-0.75 m, the distance between the lower pins of the attachment and the plough support surface 0.45-0.50 m.

The combined machine allows qualitatively preparing the soil for sowing melon crops with minimum energy consumption. The efficiency of the combined machine depends on the type, location of the tiller relative to the body, and its parameters. The purpose of the study is to justify the type and parameters of the tiller combination machine to prepare the soil for sowing melon crops. In researches methods of classical mechanics are applied. The construction of the combined machine with soil cultivators is given. Based on the theory of soil destruction wedge determined the main parameters of the soil tinker. Experimental research of different types of soil cultivators is carried out. it is established that at the performance of soil cultivator of the combined unit in the form of a three-sided wedge with an inclined stand, the minimum longitudinal distance from a ploughshare of the case to soil cultivator is 52.7 cm, transverse distance from the field cut of the hull to the tiller bit is 15 cm, width and length of the tiller bit is 5 and 14 cm respectively, cutting angle of the bit is 18 degrees, quality crushing of sub-powder soil layers with minimum energy consumption is provided.

The research aims to study and analyze the physical-mechanical and technological properties of eroded soils in Uzbekistan. The data on the susceptibility of water erosion to sloping lands is presented. The average monthly indicators of precipitation over the last ten years in Uzbekistan are analyzed. The results of determining the moisture, density, and hardness of the soil of slopes are presented. It has been established that with the traditional technology of tillage on moisture, density, and other technical properties of soil of slopes, water erosion and slope of fields have a significant effect. The physical-mechanical and technological properties of soil of the arable and subsurface layers of the soil of the top, the middle and lower part of the slope in spring and after grain harvesting differs significantly: in the spring period, the moisture of soil layers 0-10; 10-20; 30-40; 40-50 and 50-60 cm of the lower part of the slope is more moisture content of these layers of the top respectively, 1.16; 1.24; 1.1; 1.4; 1.54 and 2.15 times. Approximately such a picture of moisture is preserved after grain harvesting as well.

The aim of the research is to justify the design scheme and mutual arrangement of plough working elements for anti-erosion treatment of sloping fields. The authors have developed a stepped plough, which carries out beardless smooth plowing of sloping fields and formation of anti-erosion intermittent. The proposed technology firstly performs the turnover of layers within its own furrow, strip-tillage loosening of soil, then anti-erosion ridges and intermittent furrows with barriers of the arable land. Plough, carrying out this technology consists of stepwise located in the longitudinal direction of the right-harrowing screw bodies, skimmers, laughers and cut spherical discs that form on the surface of the arable anti-erosion ridges and pre-irrigated furrows with obstacles. The constructive scheme of offered plough. Parameters of spherical disk, mutual positioning of body, ploughing tool and spherical disk have been justified by theoretical investigations. For providing of the required quality of work diameter of the cut spherical disk should be within 420-510 cm, the angle of its installation 28-32°, minimum angle of sector of cut should be 49°, the depth of the sector not less than 10 cm, cut spherical disk even not less than 110 cm.