<p class="PRIMAJUDULArtikelEnglish">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) dan <em>Direct Instruction (DI)</em> dalam pembelajaran matematika materi jarak dan kecepatan terhadap: pemahaman konsep dan berpikir logis Siswa, (2) mengetahui pengaruh positif pembelajaran matematika dengan PMRI terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa, dan (3) mendeskripsikan pengaruh positif pembelajaran matematika dengan PMRI terhadap berpikir logis. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas V segugus II Kecamatan Umbulharjo dengan sampel 3 sekolah dengan subjek penelitian 91 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes pemahaman konsep dan berpikir logis awal maupun akhir. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji <em>multivariat of covariance</em> (MANCOVA), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan <em>independent sample t-test</em> dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran matematika dengan PMRI dan <em>DI </em>dalam pembelajaran matematika materi jarak dan kecepatan terhadap pemaham-an konsep dan berpikir logis siswa, (2) terdapat pengaruh positif pembelajaran matematika dengan PMRI terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa daripada <em>Direct Instruction</em> (DI), dan (3) terdapat pengaruh positif pembelajaran matematika dengan PMRI terhadap berpikir logis siswa daripada <em>Direct Instruction</em> (DI) bagi siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar segugus II Kecamatan Umbulharjo Kota Yogyakarta.</p> <p class="PRIMAABSTRAKKeywords"><strong>______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</strong></p> <p><strong>THE EFFECTS OF REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION INDONESIA (PMRI) ON UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS AND LOGICAL THINKING STUDENTS<br /></strong></p> <p class="PRIMAABSTRAKJudulEnglish"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p class="PRIMAABSTRAKBodyEnglish">This research aimed to (1) know the effect of the use of Realistic Mathematics Education in Indonesia (PMRI) and Direct Instruction (DI) on the subject of distance and speed of the: Understanding the concept and Logical Thinking students, (2) know the positive influence effect of the use of Realistic Mathematics Education in Indonesia (PMRI) of the Understanding the concept, and (3) describe the positive influence effect of the use of Realistic Mathematics Education in Indonesia (PMRI) of the logical thingking students. The population of the study was students in the V class group 2 District of Umbulharjo with sampling selected three classes using with 91 subject students. Class experiments were treated using PMRI learning and classroom learning control with Direct Instruction (DI). Data collection techniques used are testing techniques to determine the ability of Understanding Concepts and Logical Thinking students on the subject of distance and speed after treatment. The data analysis technique used is the multivariate test of covariance (MANCOVA), followed by independent sample t-test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of this study indicate that (1) there are significant differences in the learning of mathematics with PMRI and DI in mathematics learning material to distance and speed of the: understanding of the concept and logical thinking students, (2) Learning math using PMRI gives more positive effect on the understanding concepts of students rather than using Direct Instruction, and (3) Learning math using PMRI gives more positive effect on the logical thinking of students rather than using Direct Instruction for Fifth Grade Group 2 Elementary School Umbulharjo District of Yogyakarta.</p> <strong>Keywords:</strong> mathematics learning, PMRI, direct instruction, understanding concepts, logical thinking<br />

This research is an evaluative study to evaluate thematic learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in elementary schools based on the components of context, input, process and product. The subjects of this study were principals, teachers, parents, and students. The data collection of this research was done by interview, documentation, and questionnaire. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that the context in thematic learning is carried out so that students can master and develop various subject competencies in one particular theme. The thematic learning input component during the pandemic is applied on the basis of a simplified national curriculum by selecting essential competencies. Teachers, students, and parents collaborate in the success of thematic learning. The learning process is carried out synchronously and asynchronously. The learning outcomes obtained have been in the good category.         Keywords: CIPP evaluation, pandemic, thematic learning;  

<p><strong> </strong><strong> </strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em></em></strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) pengaruh PBL<em> </em>terhadap keterampilan proses sains; (2) pengaruh PBL<em> </em>terhadap hasil belajar kognitif IPA; (3) pengaruh PBL<em> </em>terhadap keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar kognitif IPA secara bersama- sama. Penelitian ini merupakan  penelitian eksperimen semu  dengan <em>pretest-postest control group design. </em>Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas V SD Gugus 3 Kotagede Yogyakarta tahun pelajaran 2014/ 2015. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik <em>Cluster Random Sampling</em>. Data dianalisis dengan <em>independent t-test, </em>uji MANOVA, dan uji kriteria Bonferroni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) PBL berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan proses sains; (2)<em> </em>PBL berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPA. (3) PBL berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar IPA. Keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar kognitif IPA di kelas eksperimen 1 dan kelas eksperimen 2 lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Keseluruhan uji dan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PBL berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar kognitif IPA.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>T</em><em> </em><em>HE EFFECT PBL ON SCIENCE PROCESS SKILL AND COGNITIVE LEARNING RESULT OF SCIENCE TO STUDENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL</em></strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This research is aimed to get information about: (1) the effect of PBL on science process skills; (2) the effect of  PBL on the result of cognitive-learning of science and 3) the effect of PBL on science process skill and the result of cognitive-learning of science. This is quasi experiment research employing a pretest-posttest control group design. The research population consisted of five-graders of all elementary schools located in Group 3 of Kotagede in the academic year of 2014/2015. The sample was collected using the cluster random sampling technique. The data were analyzed using the independent t-test, the MANOVA, and Bonferroni criterion. The result of this research informs that: (1) PBL  improved positively and significantly the science process skills; (2) PBL improved positively and significantly science learning result; (3) PBL improved positively and significantly the science process skills and science learning result. The skills of science process and cognitive result of learning of science of the experiment class 1 and 2 are higher than that of the control class. The whole tests and gained results show that PBL positively and significantly improves the skills of science process and the cognitive result of science learning.</p> <p><strong>Keywords</strong><strong>: </strong><em>problem based learning, skills of science process, cognitive learning result of science.</em></p>

Project-based Learning using video is being used at the University of Yogyakarta in order to examine the impact on students' thinking skills. The Paired Sample t-test analytic method was employed in this study to conduct a quasi-experiment, which is described in detail below. The findings revealed that: 1) the average increase from the pretest score to the posttest score was 4.55 in the experimental class and 3.41 in the control class, and 2) a statistically significant difference in the average increase was observed in the experimental class when the Project-based learning model was used in the classroom. The experimental class uses Project-based Learning, 3) the data in the experimental class is 0.097 (pretest) and 0.062 (posttest). In contrast, the data in the control class is 0.083 (pretest) and 0.064 (posttest), 4) the results of the hypothesis test revealed a significance level of 0. 007 in the experimental class and 0.016 in the control class, both of which were less than the significance level of 0.005, so that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. According to the findings of this study, there appears to be an effect of applying the Project-based learning model on students' critical thinking skills in social studies classes. PjBL (project-based learning) models that include video can help students substantially enhance their critical thinking skills.

Model pembelajaran flipped classroom merupakan pembalikan prosedur pembelajaran tradisional, di mana yang biasanya dilakukan di kelas dalam pembelajaran tradisional menjadi dilaksanakan di rumah dalam flipped classroom. Selama pandemi Covid-19, banyak sekolah dasar menyelenggarakan pembelajaran menggunakan model tersebut. Namun demikian, persepsi guru, orang tua, dan siswa belum terungkap secara baik terkait model pembelajaran ini. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi guru, orang tua, dan siswa terkait dengan pembelajaran daring menggunakan model flipped classroom selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan dalam penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah pedoman wawancara yang telah divalidasi menggunakan prosedur expert judgement. Wawancara diajukan kepada subjek, yang meliputi: guru, orang tua dan siswa di SDN Margoyasan (3 guru, 3 orang tua, dan 2 siswa), SD Tukangan (2 guru, 2 orang tua, dan 2 siswa), SDN Puro Pakualaman (4 guru, 4 orang tua, dan 2 siswa), dan SD Islamiyah Pakualaman (3 guru, 3 orang tua, dan 2 siswa). Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk menegaskan temuan-temuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi guru, orang tua, dan siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring menggunakan metode flipped classroom sangat menunjang proses pembelajaran siswa selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Meski begitu, selain ditemukannya persepsi positif subjek, ditemukan pula hambatan-hambatan teknis sehubungan dengan kurangnya fasilitas individual yang dimiliki siswa. Perceptions of Implementing Flipped Classroom in Primary Schools during the Covid-19 Pandemic The flipped classroom learning model is a reversal of traditional learning procedures, where what is usually done in class in traditional learning is carried out at home in a flipped classroom. During the current Covid-19 pandemic, many elementary schools are holding lessons using this model. However, the perceptions of teachers, parents, and students have not been well disclosed regarding this learning model. Therefore, this research aims to determine the perceptions of teachers, parents, and students regarding online learning using the flipped classroom model during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method applied in this study uses a qualitative approach. The instrument used in this study was an interview guide that was validated using expert judgment procedures. Interviews were then submitted to the subjects, which included: teachers, parents, and students at SDN Margoyasan (3 teachers, 3 parents, and 2 students), Tukangan Elementary School (2 teachers, 2 parents, and 2 students), SDN Puro Pakualaman (4 teachers, 4 parents and 2 students), and SD Islamiyah Pakualaman (3 teachers, 3 parents, and 2 students). The collected data were analyzed qualitatively to confirm the research findings. The results showed that the perceptions of teachers, parents, and students towards online learning using the flipped classroom method greatly supported the student learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. Even so, apart from finding positive perceptions of the subject, technical obstacles were also found due to the lack of individual facilities owned by students.