<strong>English</strong><br />Marketing and logistics experts pay great attention to the concept of supply chain management and try to operationalize in agricultural development especially for high-value products, such as poultry products. The supply chain management concept is interpreted from various perspectives including marketing and logistics perspectives. This paper aims to analyze (1) a conceptual review of supply chain management; (2) the dynamics of production and consumption of poultry products; (3) performance of supply chain management on poultry products; and (4) integrated supply chain management strategy formulation for poultry products. This study applies analysis of review from various sources of literature, primary journals, research results, and text books. A review of the conceptual aspects of supply chain management has identified the different concepts of marketing with supply chain management. Supply chain management analysis on poultry products can improve poultry product distribution efficiency through product process integration among the actors. Production and consumption performance of poultry products showed a high increase, but its trade position is still deficit. In order to realize an efficient distribution system of poultry products, it is necessary to implement integrated supply chain management. In this context, the government needs to facilitate growth and development of poultry agribusiness partnership through integrated supply chain management approach.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pakar pemasaran dan logistik memberikan perhatian besar terhadap konsep manajemen rantai pasok dan mencoba mengoperasionalkan dalam pembangunan pertanian, terutama pada produk bernilai ekonomi tinggi, seperti produk-produk perunggasan.  Konsep manajemen rantai pasok dimaknai dari berbagai perspektif, antara lain perspektif pemasaran dan logistik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk (a) meng-analisis konsep manajemen rantai pasok; (b) mengkaji dinamika perkembangan produksi dan konsumsi produk unggas; (c) mengkaji kinerja manajemen rantai pasok produk unggas; dan (d) merumuskan strategi manajemen rantai pasok produk unggas secara terpadu. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis review dari berbagai sumber pustaka, baik jurnal primer, hasil penelitian, dan buku-buku terkait topik tulisan. Tinjauan dari aspek konseptual manajemen rantai pasok telah berhasil mengidentifikasi perbedaan konsep pemasaran dengan manajemen rantai pasok. Penggunaan analisis manajemen rantai pasok pada produk perunggasan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi produk perunggasan melalui keterpaduan proses produk dan antarpelaku dalam rantai pasok. Kinerja produksi dan konsumsi produk perunggasan menunjukkan peningkatan  yang tinggi, namun posisi perdagangannya hingga kini masih defisit. Dalam rangka mewujudkan sistem distribusi produk perunggasan yang efisien diperlukan  penerapan manajemen rantai pasok secara terpadu. Dalam hal ini, pemerintah perlu memfasilitasi bagi tumbuh dan berkembangnya kemitraan usaha agribinis perunggasan melalui pendekatan manajemen rantai pasok secara terpadu.

<p>Fertilizer is one of important production factors in food farming to gain high productivity. Efforts to manage procurement, distribution, and proper fertilizer application have been regulated, implemented, and controlled by the government. However, complaints related to fertilizer distribution problems still exist. This study aims to analyze national fertilizer performance, especially fertilizer policy for food sector, fertilizer industry, and farmer dynamics in formulating fertilizer needs and its application; and to formulate fertilizer policy alternatives that can increase fertilizer distribution efficiency and use of budget subsidy. Coverage and data of this study were at national level. Analytical methods of this study were both quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. The main finding of this study was a formulation of four policy alternatives pertaining distribution mean of direct fertilizer subsidy delivered to farmers. Implementation of these policy alternatives requires availability of accurate data on rice farmers, agricultural land ownership and use, and food farming system profile nationwide. In the short run, in order to increase distribution efficiency of subsidized fertilizer to farmers, it is recommended that some adjustments to the current fertilizer policy must be done on price of natural gas as raw material for Urea, level of subsidized price of fertilizers paid by farmers, document of definitive plan of fertilizer needs of farmer groups (RDKK), and function of fertilizer supervision commission at regional levels. </p><p> </p><p align="left">Abstrak</p><p>Pupuk merupakan salah satu faktor produksi penting dalam usaha tani pangan untuk memperoleh produktivitas tinggi. Upaya mengelola pengadaan, penyaluran, dan penggunaan pupuk telah diatur, dilaksanakan, dan diawasi pemerintah, namun keluhan terkait dengan permasalahan penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi masih saja terjadi. Pengkajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis keragaan perpupukan nasional, terutama kebijakan penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi untuk subsektor pangan, industri pupuk nasional, dan dinamika petani dalam penyusunan kebutuhan serta pemanfaatan pupuk; dan merumuskan alternatif kebijakan perpupukan yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dalam penyaluran dan anggaran subsidi pupuk. Cakupan kajian dan data yang digunakan adalah pada tingkat nasional. Metode kajian menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil  utama kajian ini berupa formulasi empat alternatif kebijakan cara penyaluran anggaran subsidi pupuk langsung diberikan kepada petani. Implementasi alernatif kebijakan tersebut mempersyaratkan tersedianya data yang akurat tentang petani padi, penguasaan dan pengusahaan lahan pertanian, dan profil usaha tani pangan secara nasional. Dalam jangka pendek, untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penyaluran pupuk bersubsidi ke petani disarankan dilakukan beberapa penyesuaian atas kebijakan perpupukan saat ini, yaitu harga gas bumi sebagai bahan baku Urea, harga eceran tertinggi pupuk bersubsidi, dokumen rencana definitif kebutuhan kelompok (RDKK), dan fungsi komisi pengawasan pupuk di daerah.</p>

Soybean production in Indonesia shows a downward trend over time, causing an increase in dependence on imports because the demand for soybeans is much greater. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase production by increasing productivity by using new soybean varieties, which are still very limited in distribution. This paper aims to identify the distribution of new soybean varieties, analyze the problems and factors affecting the distribution of new soybean varieties, and formulate strategies to increase the distribution of new soybean varieties. The study was conducted in the West Java and Central Java Provinces. The analysis method used in the study was qualitative descriptive. The analysis results show that in 2015-2019, soybean production in Indonesia, including in West Java and Central Java, shows a downward trend. Of the total distribution area of soybean varieties, the dominant varieties cultivated are Anjasmoro (61.48%), Wilis (10.66%), Grobogan (9.81%), Argomulyo (6.65%), and Baluran (4.01%). Meanwhile, the distribution of new soybean varieties is still very low, including Dena 1 variety (4.01%) and other new soybean varieties with a distribution area of less than 0.1% of the total distribution area. To increase the distribution of new soybean varieties, one of them can be done by developing seed breeders at the farmer level. Thus, the availability of the seeds of new soybean varieties can increase and farmers will find it easier to obtain these seeds.

<p>Field School-Integrated Crop Management (FS-ICM) was one of components within the National Rice Production Enhancement Program implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture in the period of 2009−2014. With the support of a large amount of budget, FS-ICM implementation was expected to have a significant impact on the increase of food production. This study aims to assess planning design and the implementation of FS-ICM on rice. This study used primary and secondary data included all information related to planning design and the implementation of FS-ICM program at national and regional levels. Data collection was carried out by interviewing the leaders of agricultural institutions associated with activities of FS-ICM and from Focus Group Discussion (FGD) among the group and individual rice farmers at provincial and regency levels in West Java Province in the period of September−October 2014. The data and information were processed descriptively and qualitatively. The results of this study indicated that annual planning of the FS-ICM program was in fact not based on the results of annual evaluation of the implementation and the performance of FS-ICM. During five-year period, annual target of the FS-ICM had been arranged to be increased at a very high rate, regardless of the limited capacity and the unsuccessful implementation of the program. This study had also indicated that planning and implementation of FS-ICM in the field was not fully in accordance with the basic concept of ICM. The rate of adoption of ICM technology components among the rice farmers was quite low, besides the limited number and quality of agriculture extension workers to support this program. It is suggested reporting systems and socialization program improvement, well-functioning LL, encouraging the mobilization of extension, fostering local growers, establishing better coordination between central and local governments as well as implementers in the field, and also building and repairing aspects of processing, marketing and farmers groups.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Sekolah Lapang Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (SL-PTT) merupakan salah satu komponen dalam program Peningkatan Produksi Beras Nasional yang dilaksanakan Kementerian Pertanian pada tahun 2009−2014. Dengan dukungan anggaran yang besar, pelaksanaan SL-PTT diharapkan dapat berdampak nyata pada peningkatan produksi pangan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perencanaan dari implementasi kegiatan SL-PTT padi sawah. Data yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder, meliputi informasi tentang perencanaan dan implementasi SL-PTT di pusat dan daerah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan pimpinan instansi pertanian yang terkait dengan kegiatan SL-PTT serta <em>focus group discussion</em> (FGD) di antara kelompok tani/petani padi sawah pada tingkat provinsi dan kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Barat yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September−Oktober 2014.  Pengolahan data dan informasi dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan perencanaan tahunan SL-PTT tidak didasarkan pada hasil evaluasi pelaksanaan dan kinerja implementasi SL-PTT di lapangan. Selama periode lima tahun, target tahunan SL-PTT terus ditambah dengan tingkat kenaikan yang tinggi, tanpa memperhatikan kemampuan daya dukung keberhasilan program. Kajian ini juga menunjukkan perencanaan dan implementasi SL-PTT di lapangan tidak mengacu sepenuhnya pada konsep dasar PTT, tingkat adopsi komponen teknologi PTT masih rendah, dan jumlah serta kualitas penyuluh pertanian terbatas untuk mendukung keberhasilan program SL-PTT ini. Implikasi kebijakan yang disarankan ialah perbaikan sistem pelaporan dan sosialisasi program, memfungsikan LL secara baik, mendorong mobilisasi penyuluh, menumbuhkan penangkar-penangkar lokal, membangun koordinasi yang baik antara pemerintah pusat, daerah, dan pelaksana di lapangan, serta membangun dan memperbaiki aspek pengolahan, pemasaran, dan kelembagaan kelompok tani.</p>

Farmers’ corporations are a form of farmer economic empowerment that unites all farmer resources and manages them in an integrated management. Batur Subdistrict, is one of the potato-producing centers in Banjarnegara District. This paper aims to analyze the potential for developing farmer corporations in the potato agribusiness system in Batur Subdistrict, Banjarnegara. The Farmer Corporation Model developed refers to the Ministry of Agriculture No. 18 of 2018, which is in the form of cooperatives or other legal entities with the majority of capital ownership by farmers. The data comes from the results of the 2020 study. Respondents consist of potato farmers, administrators of the Dieng Farmers Union (SPD), owners of subsidized fertilizer shop, potato seed breeders, agricultural extension workers, potato marketing actors, and managers of Agribusiness Microfinance Institutions (LKMA). Data analysis was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively descriptively by taking into account technical, economic and management aspects. The results of the study indicate that the existing farmer institutions in Batur Subdistrict, both technically, economically, and management have the potential to develop farmer corporations. The corporate model formulated is the growth of primary and secondary cooperatives which include potato seed cooperatives, farming capital cooperatives, potato production facilities cooperatives, and potato marketing cooperatives. The amount of economic value that can be obtained by each potato farmer with the existence of a corporation ranges from Rp. 1.04 - 2.07 million per year. In order for a farmer corporation to run and provide benefits to farmers, support from the government is needed in the form of assistance, business training, and initial capital.