Purpose To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. Methods Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. After euthanasia the specimens were embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius and Masson-Goldner’s trichrome. Results The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. In these two groups, chronic granulomatous inflammation was noted, more evident in GrHA. In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. Conclusion The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules.
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family: ">Introdução:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "> Um grande desafio para a medicina e para os pesquisadores da área de Bioengenharia Tecidual Óssea é desenvolver e aperfeiçoar técnicas e biomateriais que possam devolver a estrutura e funcionalidade do tecido ósseo em situações de perdas ósseas extensas. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>Avaliar a resposta tecidual após a implantação de biomateriais biocerâmicos: hidroxiapatita (HA) e compósitos, HA associado ao biovidro (Bv) ou ao alginato (alg).<span style="color: red;"> </span><strong>Metodologia:</strong> Uma amostra de 12 ratos da linhagem <em>Wistar</em>, machos adultos, foram utilizados e distribuídos para a composição de 4 grupos experimentais, avaliados no ponto biológico de 15 dias de pós-operatório: MHA – grupo com defeito preenchido com microesferas de HA; MHABv – grupo com defeito preenchido com microesferas de HA associada ao Bv; MHAalg – grupo com defeito preenchido com microesferas de HA associada ao alg; e Controle – defeito ósseo vazio sem implantação de biomaterial. <strong>Resultados:</strong> Os grupos MHA e MHAalg apresentaram uma neoformação óssea associada a borda óssea mais evidente que os grupos MHABv e Controle, estes últimos obtiveram uma neoformação restrita a borda do defeito. Em todos os grupos foi observada uma reação inflamatória crônica discreta, a qual nos grupos com implantação de biomaterial foi granulomatosa com a presença de células gigantes multinucleadas. <strong>Conclusão:</strong> Os biomateriais apresentaram-se como biocompatíveis e osteocondutores.</span><strong><span style="font-family: "> </span></strong></p>
Resumo Objetivo Comparar o efeito de dois protocolos de ultrassom terapêutico com diferentes tempos de exposição para regeneração de defeito ósseo crítico. Métodos Foram utilizados 45 ratos, machos, distribuídos em três grupos: grupo ultrassom terapêutico 5 minutos (GUS 5); grupo ultrassom terapêutico 10 minutos (GUS 10); e grupo controle (GC). Em todos os grupos, confeccionou-se um defeito ósseo crítico, com 8,5 mm de diâmetro, na região da calvária. O protocolo foi iniciado no 1° dia do pós-operatório, no GUS 5 e no GUS 10, com ultrassom terapêutico na frequência de 1,0 MHz, modo pulsado, 5 vezes por semana, nos períodos de 15, 30, e 60 dias. Resultados Dentre os grupos experimentais, houve maior neoformação de matriz osteoide no GUS 10, seguido do GUS 5 quando comparados ao GC, no qual a neoformação foi restrita à região de borda. O uso do ultrassom promoveu aumento na espessura da matriz conjuntiva, proliferação de capilares, alinhamento das fibras colágenas, redução do edema e do processo inflamatório, tendo sido mais significativo no tempo de 10 minutos. Conclusão O ultrassom terapêutico estimulou o reparo do defeito ósseo crítico, e o maior tempo de exposição promoveu maior estímulo osteogênico.
The aim of this study was to analyze the biological behavior and osteogenic potential of nanostructured hydroxyapatite microspheres substituted with strontium (nHASr). Therefore, twenty adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into two groups: GnHASr – critical bone defect filled with nHASr microspheres; e CG (control group) – critical bone defect without implantation of biomaterial; evaluated at the biological points of 30 and 60 days. The collected specimens were processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson-Goldner trichrome (TG) and examined by light microscopy. Posteriorly, they were analyzed histomorphometrically to measure the percentage of neoformed osteoid matrix (%OM). In both groups studied, at all biological points, deposition of reparative osteoid matrix (OM) was observed near the bone edges; discrete chronic inflammatory response; connective tissue formation and neovascularization in the residual area of the defect. In the GnHASr, in the two evaluated periods, the deposition of OM was also noticed, both around and inside the microspheres. At 60 days, an area of 7.54% of OM deposition in relation to the total defect area was evidenced in the GnHASr, while in the CG this value was 6.80%. It is concluded that the nHASr microspheres evaluated were biocompatible, biodegradable, bioresorbable, bioactive and osteoconductive. In both groups, the formation of neomineralized tissue occurred in a limited way, which indicates that the concentration of metal used in the replacement did not favor greater osteogenic potential for the biomaterial. The evaluated biomaterial it's adequate for use as a filling material.
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