Introduction: Cyclophosphamide (CPA) chemotherapy leads to ovarian failure and infertility. Tocotrienol (T3) is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. The role of T3 in ovarian protection throughout chemotherapy remains unclear. Aim: To investigate the role of T3 in the preservation of female fertility in CPA treatment. Method: Sixty female mice were divided into five treatment groups, namely, normal saline, corn oil only, T3 only, CPA and CPA + T3. The treatment was given for 30 days, followed by administration of gonadotrophin to induce ovulation. After killing, both ovaries were collected and examined histologically. Results: There was significant reduction in ovarian size in the CPA group compared with the normal group (CPA versus normal, mean area ± SD; 0.118 ± 0.018 vs. 0.423 ± 0.024 cm2; p ≤ 0.005), whilst concurrent administration of T3 with CPA leads to conservation of ovarian size (CPA + T3 vs. CPA, mean area ± SD; 0.285 ± 0.032 vs. 0.118 ± 0.018 cm2; p ≤ 0.005). Ovaries in CPA group showed abnormal folliculogenesis with accompanied reduced ovulation rate, follicular oedema, increased vascularity and inflammatory cell infiltration. These changes were reversed by concurrent T3 administration. Conclusion: Co-administration of T3 with CPA confers protection of ovarian morphology and function in vivo. These findings contribute to the further elucidation of CPA effect on ovary and suggest the potential of T3 use in preserving fertility in chemotherapy.

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Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are central players in the achievement of the SDGs. As many HEIs strive to embrace sustainability as one of the university's core values and increase the visibility of the institutions globally, there is a need to explore the embedded curriculum framework of SDGs into programs and courses offered at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). This study is to determine the percentage of SDGs elements that have been incorporated into the university curriculum. The methodology used includes data collection using the university online syllabus system for the science and engineering and technology fields, namely all the engineering fields, Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Chemical Engineering, and Computer Sciences, and analyzing the results for in-depth interpretation and dimension analysis. A total of 520 courses were analyzed. The results showed that three SDGs were not addressed by the curriculum. The highest percentage of courses were mapped to SDG9 (25%) followed by SDG4 (15%), SDG 11 and SDG12 at 12%. The SDGs elements were found to be highly incorporated in mechanical engineering compared to other disciplines. The finding helps the understanding of the baseline status of sustainability in the university curriculum and opportunities to improve. It is suggested that another review needs to be executed to include the three SDGs which were addressed in the current curriculum. When all SDGs are addressed, the outcomes of the curriculum will be global graduates who are knowledgeable and responsible in ensuring a harmonized and peaceful future.

Lead is a poisonous metal, hurtful to most human body organs if exposure surpasses a permissible level of 50 µg/m 3 and an action level of 30 µg/m 3 . This occurs through the initiation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Studies have indicated that Eleutherine americana Merr contains profound biological properties which protects against cancer cells, decreased in prothrombin level, and vessel vasoconstriction. It will be interesting to study the effect of the plant extract on kidneys exposed to lead acetate. This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of Eleutherine americana Merr extract on lead acetate cytotoxicity in mice BALB/c. A total of 25 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups. Group1 was given 0.5% Na-CMC orally while Group 2 was treated orally with 0.075 g/kg body weight lead acetate (Pb(CH3COO)2). Group 3 to 5 was given different dosages of Eleutherine americana Merr of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight accordingly and simultaneously with Pb(CH3COO)2 . All treatment were for 35 days. Mice were sacrificed after 35 days, blood samples were collected for analysis of creatinine and urea while the kidneys were for histological studies. The levels of creatinine and urea was significantly higher in Pb(CH3COO)2 treated mice (p<0.05). Treatment with the plant extract significantly reduced the level of blood creatinine and blood urea at extract concentration of 30mg/kg body weight (p<0.05). Histology studies of the kidneys showed that Pb(CH3COO)2 caused glomeruli atrophy and tubular destructions. Treatment with the plant extract at dosages of 30 and 60 mg/kg body weight seemed to ameliorate the effect Pb(CH3COO)2 on the structure of the nephrons. Extract of Elutherine americana Merr was shown to have nephroprotective effect against the assault of Pb(CH3COO)2 in mice.

Cervical cancer is a primary cause of mortality cancer among Indonesian women. Notwithstanding these threats, cervical cancer screening services have low uptake. Additionally, there was a lack of case-control study with multistage regarding positively behavioral and its determinants for cervical cancer screening. This study was to ascertain the behavioral to uptake and its predictors toward cervical cancer screening. A case-control study was done in the Kediri with sample size was 410 using multistage random sampling (ratio 1:1) from nine community health service. Data were obtained through questionnaires and assessed using Chi-square, Independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression with adjusted odds ratio (AOR). The behavioral to conduct cervical cancer screening was associated with knowledge (AOR= 1.61), husband support (AOR= 1.38), social support (AOR= 5.03), external motivation (AOR= 1.24), internal motivation (AOR= 1.37), perceived susceptibility (AOR= 1.49), perceived barrier (AOR= 0.74), perceived benefit (AOR= 0.73), perceived severity (AOR= 1.36), self-efficacy (AOR= 1.30), perceived threat (AOR= 1.26), and intention to screening (AOR= 3.06) with p value <0.05 after adjusted covariate factors. The knowledge, husband and social support, external and internal motivation, all domains of health belief, and intention to uptake screening were found strongly associated with behavioral to uptake cervical cancer screening.