Introduction Haemodynamic changes occurring during the fetal -neonatal transition may impact on global myocardial function in the first week of life. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) offers a novel technique to measure changes in systolic and diastolic function in neonates. Aims To use TDI to assess myocardial function in preterm infants compared to gold standard measures. Methods Preterm infants < 32 weeks gestation were recruited. Echocardiography was carried out by a single observer (KA) using the GE Vivid I, on Day 1, 3-4 and Day 7. Clinical parameters were recorded at time of echocardiogram. Standard M mode echocardiography was used to determine shortening and ejection fraction. Myocardial velocities were obtained using a pulsed wave doppler sample from the lateral mitral/tricuspid annuli and intraventricular septum from an apical four chamber view. Peak systolic (S'), early diastolic (E') and late diastolic (A') velocities were recorded. Results 140 echocardiograms were performed on 60 neonates with structurally normal hearts. Gestational age range-23 +6 -31

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The release of TSH, FT3, FT4 and PRL were not inhibited and prophylactic thyroid hormone treatment was not required in VLBW infants receiving dopamine infusions.

Congenital chloride diarrhea is a rare cause of severe infantile diarrhea with excessive chloride excretion. Mutations in the SLC26A3 gene cause congenital chloride diarrhea. It generally becomes apparent in the neonatal period and is characterized by electrolyte imbalances, metabolic alkalosis, and failure to thrive. The diagnosis of congenital chloride diarrhea is based on detecting excessive chloride in the stool (90 mmol/L). We report a Turkish neonate with congenital chloride diarrhea whose sibling had the same disease. The newborn was born by cesarean delivery. Diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss started soon after birth. She was diagnosed as having congenital chloride diarrhea based on its typical clinical signs and a high concentration of stool chloride and was confirmed by genetic analysis. She was treated by means of salt supplementations and lansoprazole. Family history may play an important role in the early diagnosis because the disease is inherited autosomal recessively.

Background: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a common but mild respiratory problem seen in late preterm and term newborns. However, it may sometimes cause severe morbidity. Objectives: Therefore, biomarkers that can predict TTN severity may aid the clinician in determining the need for intensive care. Our aim was to identify whether blood gases and complete blood count parameters could be utilized to predict the severity of TTN.s Methods: We retrospectively examined the medical records of newborns (> 37 weeks gestation, > 2000 grams) diagnosed with TTN who were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Karabuk University Faculty of Medicine, Training and Research Hospital, Karabük/Turkey between June 2019 and June 2020. Patients were grouped according to the length of stay in the NICU. Group 1 included patients that did not require NICU monitoring after 48 hours, and group 2 included patients who continued to require NICU monitoring after 48 hours. Blood gases and complete blood count parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: During the study period, 91 newborns were hospitalized in the NICU due to respiratory distress. Thirty-nine patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in group 2 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of leukocyte count, hemoglobin level, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet count. Partial carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2) was significantly elevated, and base excess (BE) was significantly greater in group 2. Conclusions: We determined a relationship between a prolonged stay in NICU and the levels of PCO2 and BE among patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of TTN. Therefore, PCO2 and BE values may be valuable to determine the prognosis of TTN in the early period. Despite being one of the most common causes of intensive care admission in the newborn population, there is limited data on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of TTN; thus, we believe that our results will shed light on this problem.