Methodological approaches to investing in companies and reducing the negative impact of risks that are formed at the macro and micro levels are considered in the article. The algorithm for expressing investment risks through related risks and conducting an investment risk assessment as a group process is defined. It has been determined that the defining features of investment risks are the environment, duration, and scope of the project, risk position, profile, risk appetite, consequences, capacity, and results of the impact on the investment project. An investment risk accounting system is formed, which is represented by a set of organized structural elements that perform functions related to planning and implementation of a set of measures that identify, assess, monitor, and control risks to minimize negative consequences and enhance opportunities. A method of forming a real portfolio of investment projects considering the dynamic risk factor has been developed.

The modern world community is concerned about the search for humane, non-forceful methods for solving hybrid conflicts that characterize the system of international relations of the 21st century. That is why the concept of preventive diplomacy has become popular and in demand. The conflict in the East of Ukraine has shown that this concept has some flaws in terms of its implementation in practice. Using the historical method, the key means of implementing preventive diplomacy are revealed. The article analyzes examples of the use of preventive diplomacy methods for solving conflicts in Europe by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. The authors used the method of comparative analysis to compare examples of implementation of the principles of preventive diplomacy by different international players. Attention is drawn to the fact that excessive caution of the OSCE and unwillingness to call Russia a participant in the conflict and even more, so an aggressor country led to skepticism about the organization itself in Ukraine.

Ensuring the process of economic development is extremely complex and it is carried out under the influence of a whole range of different contradictory and sometimes mutually exclusive factors. Experience shows that the idea of the historical conditionality of development, progress, social evolution finds its practical application not directly to the individual socio-economic system, but as a general direction, the vector of movement of world civilization. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive study of growth strategies of "breakthrough" economies and developed countries to identify features of their development.The methodological basis of the study was the works of domestic and foreign scientists, which reveal the essence of the strategy of economic development of different countries. The comparative analysis, historical analysis, and statistical method were used in the study. Results of the study.In the study, growth strategies of "breakthrough" economies and developed countrieswere analyzed and systematized.Characteristic features of strategies for the development of "breakthrough" economies and developed countries were also highlighted.Among the common features of economic development strategies of countries with breakthrough economies are the following: withdrawal of maximum benefits from the openness of the world economy; support for macroeconomic stability; support for high growth rates of savings and investment, public investment in infrastructure; giving markets the opportunity to independently manage the allocation of resources; the presence of an ideological and qualified government. The results obtained have significant practical value and can be used to improve economic development policies and reduce inequalities between countries in the world.The authors conclude thatthe pace of economic growth of the country is most often determined by the pace of its technological progress. Strengthening productive capacity can help developing countries and the least developed countries to achieve sustainable economic development, reduce poverty, reduce inequality, increase exports.