Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) merupakan tanaman dari suku Euphorbiaceae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Daun jarak pagar yang diperoleh dari daerah Sedati, Juanda Sidoarjo diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol. Lalu kedua ekstrak daun jarak pagar tersebut dianalisis menggunakan GCMS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak metanol daun jarak pagar mengandung 28 senyawa kimia dan kemudian dianalisis aktivitas biologisnya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa daun jarak pagar banyak mengandung senyawa kimia yang memiliki aktivitas biologis untuk kesehatan

ABSTRAKTumbuhan benalu merupakan tumbuhan tingkat tinggi yang tergolong sebagai parasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk determinasi dan analisa proksimat pada daun benalu pada pohon mangga arumanis di ketintang Madya Surabaya. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan secara true experimental. Penelitian ini meliputi determinasi tumbuhan benalu di LIPI Purwodadi dan analisa proksimat meliputi analisa kadar abu (Gravimetri), kadar air (Thermovolumetri), dan kadar karbohidrat total (Iodimetri). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil determinasi adalah tanaman Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq dan Macrosolen tetragonus BI. Hasil analisa proksimat daun benalu Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq diperoleh hasil rata-rata yaitu kadar abu 14,22%; kadar air 7,50%; kadar karbohidrat total 16,20%.Kata kunci: Determinasi, Analisa Proksimat, Benalu Mangga arum manis.ABSTRACTParasite plants are high-level plants classified as parasites. This research aims at determination and proximate analysis of parasite leaves on arum manis mango tree at Ketintang Madya No. 81, Surabaya. This study is true experimental research. It involves the determination of parasitic plants at LIPI Purwodadi and proximate analysis including analysis of ash content (Gravimetry), water content (Thermovolumetry), and total carbohydrate levels (Iodimetry). The result of determination is Macrosolen tetragonus (BI.) Miq and Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Meanwhile, the result of proximate analysis is Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Also, the average yield was 14.22% ash content; 7.50% moisture content; 16.20% total carbohydrate levels.Keywords: Determination; Proximate analysis; Parasite plants

Lissahatina Fulica shell waste contains chitosan with the potential for antioxidants and hypercholesterolemia. This study, therefore, reports on the analysis of molecular characterization, antioxidant assay, and acute lethal dose 50 (LD50) toxicity in Lissahatina Fulica shell waste chitosan rats using the hot plate magnetic stirrer technique. Chitosan was performed to analyze water content, protein, functional groups, molecular weight, particle size, morphology, antioxidants, and acute toxicity test. The researchers found that the hot plate magnetic stirrer treatment affected the water content, molecular weight, particle size, morphology, antioxidant, and non-toxicity. In Lissahatina Fulica shell waste chitosan, the water content was 0.345%, the protein content was 1.87%, the molecular weight was 2.297 kDa, the deacetylation degree value was 92.37%, and the particle size was 59 µm. Surface roughness had an Rp value of 249, Rv value of 0, Ra value of 81.5, Rq value of 97.8, and IC50 value of 2.35 µg/mL. In addition, the chitosan dose of 3000mg/kg BW did not cause death in the sample rats. In conclusion, chitosan from Lissahatina Fulica shell waste has the potential to be developed in the pharmaceutical industry for further development.

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the leading causes of endothelial dysfunction. Hypercholesterolemia can result in oxidative stress that exceeds antioxidant defenses. One of the antioxidants is snail shell chitosan. The research aimed to analyze the study of in silico chitosan snail shell as an antioxidant through inhibition of nrf2-keap1 in hypercholesterolemia. This research method is the 3D structure of Keap1 and Nrf2 (ID: 5CGJ) proteins. Canonical chitosan smiles (C 56 H 103 N 9 O 39 ) (ID: 71853) were modelled with Corina software to obtain 3D structures. Chitosan was analyzed by Lipinski test. Molecular docking was analyzed by interacting chitosan, Nrf2 and Keap1 with HEX 8.0 software and visualized by discovery studio version 4.1. Data analysis was used descriptively. The results of the study of chitosan with Keap1 and Nrf2 had 43 amino acid residues (GLU444,

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