The important component of obesity pathogenesis is inflammatory activation of innate immune cells within adipose tissue and in other body locations. Both the course of obesity and innate immune reactivity are characterized by sex-associated differences. The aim of the work was a comparative investigation of metabolic profiles of phagocytes from different locations in male and female rats with MSG-induced obesity. The administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) caused obesity, with sex-associated differences, that was more severe in male rats. Obesity was associated with pro-inflammatory activation of CD14+ phagocytes from adipose tissue in female, but not in male rats, which was demonstrated by decreased phagocytosis activity along with increased ROS generation. Phagocytes from the peritoneal cavity and peripheral blood of obese female rats exhibited neutral metabolic profile, whereas those cells from obese male rats displayed a pro-inflammatory metabolic profile. Thus, the manifestation of obesity-induced inflammation was characterized by different patterns of metabolic profile of phagocytes in male and female rats. Identified immune cell characteristics expand our knowledge of obesity immunobiology and may help to develop more effective preventive and therapeutic interventions for obese patients of different sexes.

Aim. To investigate the antibacterial properties of the fl owers of melliferous plants on the cultures isolated from honeycombs affected by foulbrood. Methods. Microbiological, cultural-morphological, biochemical, electron- microscopic, statistical. Results. Antibacterial effect on the Melissococcus pluton 8.1 strain was demonstrated by the fl ower extracts of 14 plant species and that on Bacillusaspecies – by the fl ower extracts of 27 plant spe- cies blossoming in the early spring. Conclusions. To study bee colonies affected by foulbrood, it is possible to use the properties of such nectariferous plants as Lamium album, Acer campestre, Prunus tomentosa, Allium cepa, Tagetes patula, Spiraea japonica, Achillea millefolium, Calluna vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Tilia cordata, Centaurea jacea, Lysimachia nummularia. The results of the experiments on the culture of microorganisms, isolated from the honeycombs of the bee colonies affected by foulbrood, demonstrated that these plants could be effective for the prevention and treatment of bacterial bee diseases.

Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (Gam) represent an attractive therapeutic target for the development of the alternative methodology in the treatment of gliomas. this study was aimed to investigate the effect of intranasally administered TLR3 agonist Larifan on microglial cell metabolic profile in rats with c6 glioma. our results demonstrate progressive generation microglial cell population with immunosuppressive and pro-inflammatory properties in C6 glioma-bearing brain. Intranasally delivered TLR3 agonist is capable to abrogate the creation of this pro-tumoral immune infiltrates, probably, through the effect on myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and can be considered as a promising agent for glioma therapy aimed the Gam re-education. k e y w o r d s: glioma, microglia, toll-like receptor agonist, immunotherapy.

Hematological and immunological markers of systemic inflammation were studied in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Experiments were carried out on adult male Wistar rats: 1 -intact animals; 2 -sham-operated animals and 3 -6-OHDAand LPS-lesioned animals. PD development was confirmed by the results of behavioral testing (apomorphine test, open field test) and immunohistochemical detection of the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Hematological indices (complete blood count and differential leukocyte count (DLC)) were examined using hematological analyser. Immunological indices included phenotypic (CD206 and CD80/86) and metabolic (oxidative metabolism and phagocytic activity) characteristics of circulating monocytes (Mo) and granulocytes (Gr), which were determined by flow cytometry, as well as plasma levels of C-reactive protein, which were determined by ELISA. LPS-induced PD was associated with neutrophilia, 1.9 times increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, 3 times increased platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and 3 times increased systemic immune inflammation index as compared to intact animals. Functional profile of circulating phagocytes from LPS-lesioned animals was characterized by the pro-inflammtory metabolic shift, as was indicated by 5 times increased oxidative metabolism indices and up-regulated CD80/86 expression along with decreased phagocytic activity and CD206 expression. 6-OHDA-lesioned rats demonstrated decreased DLC indices as compared to intact and shamoperated rats. Functional profile of circulating phagocytes in this model was characterized by anti-inflammatory shift. The results obtained from this study demonstrated that stereotaxic LPS-induced PD is appropriate rodent model for the study of systemic inflammation which is inherent for the disease pathophysiology.

Aim. To investigate the microbiota of honeycombs with affected bee brood. Methods. Visual, immunochro- matographic, cultural-morphological, biochemical, electron-microscopic methods were used to isolate and previously identify a number of microorganisms. Results. 10 samples of honeycombs with sealed brood were studied. The following agents of bee diseases were isolated and previously identifi ed: Paenibacillus larvae – American foulbrood; Вasillus paraalvei – parafoulbrood; Melissococcus pluton – European foulbrood. Con- clusions. The number of cocci, spore-forming coli and yeasts, found in the samples of honeycombs, commonly represent normal microfl ora of bees, but their number increases signifi cantly in case of viral and bacterial infections.