Twenty-one phenylpropanoids, including 1 new (1) and 20 known phenylpropanoids (2-21), were isolated and identified from the fruits of Nicandra physaloides. The structures of these compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra referring to the literatures, together with mass spectrometry. It was found that the isolated compounds, except for 7, 18 and 19, showed the different levels of inhibitions on NO production by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells at IC values from 27.0 to 97.3 μM.

No abstract

One new phenylpropanoid schineolignin D (1), one new sesquiterpene (−)‐(7S,10S)‐3,11,12,13‐tetrahydroxycalamenene (2), one new quinic acid 4‐(E)‐O‐coumaroylquinic acid ethyl ester (3), and seven known compounds 4–10 were separated from the roots of Schisandra chinensis. The chemical structures of all compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopic experiments. All compounds were assessed for their neuroprotective effects on PC12 cell lines induced by H2O2. Compounds 1, 3–4, and 7 showed statistically significant neuroprotective activities with the negative control group at 12.5 μM.

Petri nets have structure and behavior properties, it is convenient to analyze some complex system based on its mathematical analysis methods. Online top-up system is an open network system. The modeling method of this system based on general Petri net has some limitations. A new modeling method based on open Petri net to study online top-up system is proposed, and analyze the open Petri net model by T-invariant. This method laid a foundation for the study of open online top-up system.