Mexico concentrates the marginalization in the southeastern states, to counteract this problem the federal government implemented several universal social programs, including Prospera. This research analyzes the impact generated among the beneficiaries of the Prospera Program based on income from work, and the variables of education, health, food security, both at the state level in Veracruz and Oaxaca and in the Istmo region that integrate both states. The Propensity Score Matching method was used to assess the impacts on labor inclusion that have those who receive the program, in contrast, with those who do not receive federal support. In addition, through the Analysis of Main Components, we related the productive and marginalization variables to find the characteristics of the study population. The results show that the Prospera program does not have a significant impact on the per capita income of the head of household. However, quintiles two and five have greater negative effects for the population from the Istmo. It is essential to revalue the Prospera Program strategy and incorporate more rigorous administration to have a positive impact for the rural population dedicated to agricultural activities.

Se algo define os cientistas mexicanos  é a sua capacidade de adaptação às condições adversas, sendo uma das mais recorrentes as relacionadas com o desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa. No início de 2020, ocorre uma pandemia global que provoca o fechamento de várias instituições de ensino nos três níveis (básico, intermediário e superior). O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as mudanças nas práticas científicas dos pesquisadores da Universidade Nacional Autônoma do México (UNAM), que desenvolvem atividades científicas e de treinamento em tempo integral na área, durante o período da descoberta da pandemia do Coronavirus em 2019 (por sua sigla COVID-19), de julho de 2020 a julho de 2021. A partir do método das histórias de vida e por meio da saturação de categorias são feitas percepções sobre mudanças, rupturas e decisões que impactam sua prática científica. O trabalho de pesquisa científica desses acadêmicos foi interrompido por um fenômeno que existia na época das informações. Este estudo oferece a possibilidade de conhecer como esse fenômeno cotidiano era enfrentado no trabalho presencial.

This research aims to examine the characteristics of the sector mezcalero in Mexico. The analysis was qualitative, of observation about the organization and quantitative of the information in the territories. The activity responds to the importance of generating income, strengthening the wealth of cultural, ancestral traditions and experiences of indigenous people. The agricultural policy undertaken by the Mexican state in the value chain should include coordinated actions among the three areas of government to boost productivity.

This article aims to analyze under the gender lens the perception of full-time researchers who are part of the National System of Researchers (SNI by its acronym in Spanish, Sistema Nacional de Investigadores). The texts focus on the conditions that impact on the production of knowledge and academic freedom in two university contexts in Mexico, with the purpose of demonstrating the disadvantages that the sociocultural patterns of the sex-gender system imply for the work and performance of the women researchers; in addition to certify if these can be elements that avoid breaking with the glass ceiling in educational institutions, and reach the desired family conciliation. The empirical analysis results from a research entitled “Academic freedom and the conditions of collective production and mobilization of knowledge of researchers”, which involved 25 interviews in two Mexican Public Higher Education Institutions: the University of Guadalajara (U of G) and the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). Both are part of the rainking that evaluate the best Higher Education Institutions in Latin America.

Este artículo analiza algunas racionalidades que entran en juego en la labor de los científicos con el fin de problematizar aquellos elementos que mueven sus prácticas en la producción de conocimiento en las instituciones que los concentran. Parte de analizar las estructuras de la modernidad que impactan la labor de producción de conocimiento, las cuales otorgan un rol instrumental a la ciencia y asumen una racionalidad económica que se impone por encima de otras racionalidades. La metodología se sustenta en un ejercicio de problematización que se desarrolla desde una perspectiva teórico-analítica, el cual, permite hacer evidentes las tensiones que enfrentan los intelectuales en dos vías: la primera obedece a la necesidad de poder contar con una estabilidad económica y laboral que los lleva a integrarse en una institución de educación superior o centro de investigación, convirtiendo el trabajo de investigación en una actividad remunerada, la cual los somete a una lógica de racionalidad económico-burocrática, y la segunda, derivada de las demandas sociales relacionadas con la necesidad de resolver problemas, y aportar una mirada crítica a las cuestiones sociales y políticas, que demanda una racionalidad ético-política en el trabajo científico. Entre las conclusiones, se destaca la necesidad de impulsar desde el interior de un sistema que opera bajo una racionalidad económico-burocrática una nueva racionalidad ético-política que brinde a los científicos la posibilidad de fortalecer su compromiso social y su autonomía.