In the assumption of oil palm breeders, virescens oil palm type has no real economic value. Therefore, the nigrescens is more considered. However, the virescens gives a visual cue that fruits are ripe without waiting to detach. In 2010, Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI) successfully planted an open-pollinated population of Cameroon oil palm. The population was characterized for virescens type frequency, as well as the bunch components, quantity and quality of crude palm oil. The virescens frequency per accession was sufficiently wide, ranging from 3.33-65.71%, and was affected by the parent type, nigrescens or virescens. Most of the virescens's fruit form is observed to be of dura, except one sample, which was observed to be tenera. The mesocarp to fruit (MF) and industrial extraction ratio (IER) percentage are similar to the nigrescens dura, namely 37.7% and 9.5%, respectively. Its oil quality is better than nigrescens, and it has total carotene ranging from 155-1246 ppm. The oleic fatty acid is higher than 50%, and the palmitic is lower than 40%. Due to the ease of determining mature fruits, as well as the higher oil quality, virescens oil palm type is recommended to be introgressed in a breeding program.
An oil palm variety with high vitamin E has an added value because of its benefit as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical source. The measurement of the vitamin E content in CPO from eight varieties of oil palm is an effort to obtain high vitamin E varieties with the optimum oil yield. The varieties used in this experiment were DxP PPKS 718, DxP PPKS 239, DxP PPKS 540, DxP Yangambi, DxP Lame, DxP Avros, DxP Simalungun, and DxP Langkat, which were planted in a demonstration block, located at Kebun Adolina PTPN IV. The result showed that the average of the vitamin E from 8 varieties ranged from 477.36 ppm up to 582.78 ppm. The DxP Yangambi has the potency to be improved as the candidate of DxP variety with high vitamin E added value due to its highest vitamin E content. On the other hand, the DxP PPKS 540 is appropriate as candidate of ortets for high vitamin E clones regarding the vitamin E content; which is the highest over the whole samples
Kelapa sawit turunan SP540T telah banyak digunakan untuk tujuan pemuliaan maupun produksi komersial varietas unggul kelapa sawit. Oleh karena itu, konservasi sumber daya genetik SP540T sangat diperlukan, salah satunya melalui kultur jaringan yang dapat menghasilkan tanaman yang true to type. Media kultur jaringan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah modifikasi MS diantaranya media MS+110,5 mg/l 2,4-D, media MS+110,5 mg/l 2,4-D+karbon aktif, dan media MS modifikasi Protokol Kultur Jaringan PPKS sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembentukan kalus primer dan sekunder terbaik teramati pada perlakuan MS+110,5 mg/l 2,4D+karbon aktif yaitu sebesar 13,00% dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, media tersebut dapat digunakan untuk perbanyakan maupun konservasi sumber daya genetik SP540T.
Usaha pencarian marka DNA yang berhubungan dengan sifat yang diinginkan pada Elaeis oleifera guna introgresi sifat tersebut ke genome Elaeis guineensis memerlukan marka DNA yang polimorfik. Untuk menghasilkan marka DNA yang polimorfik dengan jumlah banyak, identifikasi SNP genom dilakukan melalui pengurutan kembali (resequencing) 12 individu contoh populasi hibrida E. guineensis x E. oleifera (hibrida OxG), yaitu E. oleifera tipe liar, F1 hibrida interspesifik, pseudo-backcross dan material maju E. guineensis, menggunakan next generation sequencing (NGS). Read (urutan basa yang “dibaca”/merupakan keluaran mesin NGS) dari 12 contoh memiliki mutu yang baik dan 96% total read yang disaring dapat dilakukan demultipleks dan ditentukan pada contoh yang sesuai. Setelah proses penyaringan dan pemotongan, 84% read dapat digunakan untuk pemetaan genom dan menghasilkan 5,7X hingga 10,42X cakupan genom. Dari 34.410.224 SNP yang teridentifikasi, 98,7% diantaranya adalah varian non-coding, dan berdasarkan lokasi, 69,1% total SNP adalah SNP intergenic. Sebanyak 5.618 SNP dari total SNP yang dihasilkan dibuktikan menggunakan targeted genotyping by sequencing pada 500 individu contoh. Sebanyak 74% SNP yang digunakan bermutu tinggi yang dibaca pada setidaknya 95% contoh. Principal component analysis menggunakan SNP tersebut mampu mengidentifikasi setiap latar belakang genetik contoh. Pembuktian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa identifikasi SNP yang dilakukan melalui pengurutan kembali menghasilkan SNP bermutu tinggi yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan marka DNA yang dapat diperbantukan pada seleksi populasi pemuliaan E. guineensis x E. oleifera.
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