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Prevention of development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and possibility of preventingBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the multifactorial diseases, the development of which is to a certain extent affected by iatrogenic stimuli. Along with such BPD development risk factors as the mother's health condition, pregnancy failure and genetically determined peculiarities of fetal surfactant synthesis, toxic effect of oxygen, pulmonary barotrauma and volutrauma suffered in the process of resuscitation, insufficient caloric content in the diet and other issues of developmental care of premature infants contribute significantly to the disease's pathogenesis. Miscarriage prevention, development of antenatal fetal protection techniques and improvement of resuscitation techniques for premature infants may not only reduce severity of the disease, but also prevent development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonatality. In the present stage obstetricians, resuscitators, neonatologists, pediatricians and pulmonologists have an extensive range of techniques based on high medical technologies and aimed at minimizing aggressive impact of intrauterine pathogens and resuscitation factors on children with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and capable of preventing severe exacerbations of the disease secondary to a viral infection in the children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia [1,2]. The historically developed preventative orientation of the national pediatrics could not be more evident than in the management of the BPD risk group patients or the BPD patients. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia outcomes by three years of age largely depend on the application of the new high technology techniques in the follow-up of the patients with this disease starting from the antenatal period of life. The possibility of clinical recovery from BPD determines the need in using all the available preventative measures in order to reduce severity of the disease with the ultimate goal of improving quality of the child's life [3,4].

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is one of the most significant early childhood chronic respiratory diseases. The article features modern approaches to preventing, diagnosing and treating broncho-pulmonary dysplasia, as well as ways of preventing complications and undesirable disease outcomes in patients older than 3 years. Members of professional associations — Union of Pediatricians of Russia and Russian Association of Perinatal Medicine Specialists — have summarized the experience of managing this category of patients at leading Russian pediatric centers according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and have provided scientific and practical data corresponding to the world level of knowledge with regard to the present problem.

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