Background Few studies compared cancer incidence among migrants both to their host countries and to their population of origin. We aimed to compare cancer incidence of ethnic Germans who migrated from the former Soviet Union to Germany (resettlers) to those living in Russia as well as to the German and the Russian general populations. Methods The cancer registry of North Rhine-Westphalia identified incident cases of stomach, colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancer in resettlers and the general population of the administrative district of Münster (Germany) between 2004 and 2013. The Tomsk cancer registry collected the same data in ethnic Germans and the general population of the Tomsk region (Russia). We used standardised incidence rate ratios (SIRs) to compare rates of resettlers and ethnic Germans with the respective general populations. Results The total number of person-years under risk was 83,289 for ethnic Germans, 8,006,775 for the population of Tomsk, 219,604 for resettlers, and 20,516,782 for the population of Münster. Incidence of the five investigated cancer types among ethnic Germans did not differ from incidence of the general population of Tomsk. Compared to the general population of Tomsk, incidence among resettlers was higher for colorectal cancer in both sexes (females: SIR 1.45 [95% CI 1.14–1.83], males: SIR 1.56 [95% CI 1.23–1.97]), breast cancer in females (SIR 1.65 [95% CI 1.40–1.95]), and prostate cancer (SIR 1.64 [95% CI 1.34–2.01]). Incidence rates of these cancer types among resettlers were more similar to rates of the general population of Münster. Incidence of stomach and lung cancer did not differ between resettlers and the general population of Tomsk. Conclusions After an average stay of 15 years, we observed that incidence of colorectal, breast and prostate cancer among resettlers converged to levels of the general population of Münster. Resettler’s incidence of stomach and lung cancer, however, was comparable to incidence in their population of origin. Causes must be investigated in subsequent analytical studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-6058-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The effects of a synthetic analog of melatonin in doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg on the incidence of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells was studied in outbred rats exposed to single short-term γ-irradiation in doses of 2 and 4 Gy. Melatonin injected 30 min before the exposure 2-fold reduced the incidence of chromosome aberrations. Possible mechanisms of anticlastogenic effect of melatonin are discussed.

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Worldwide prevalence of oncology diseases among children under 15 years old is relatively low-8,4 on 100 000 of children population (), but they are one of the most common causes of mortality in this population. Aim: to assess epidemiologic aspects of oncology and oncological healthcare for Tomsk region children population aged less than 18 years old. Patients and methods: the assessment was performed for the period of time between 2004 and 2011 based on population cancer-registry and specialized documents using methods recommended by P. A. Gertsen Moscow Scientific Research Oncology Institute. Results: prevalence of malignant neoplasms was 12,4 in children aged under 15 years old and 12,1 in children aged under 18 years old. In the structure of oncology diseases among children aged from 0 to 14 years old the most common was hemoblastosis (51,9%), in adolescents aged from 15 to 17 years old-solid tumors (65,9%). Mortality rate was 4,5 with predominance of solid tumors (58,3%) Conclusions: the low degree of active and early detection of oncology diseases points out the poor efficiency of the management of specialized healthcare at the stage of primary diagnostics. The authors explain the necessity of the offered measures aimed at prevention of malignant neoplasms in children and improvement of monitoring of the patients with such diseases.

Background. Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is one of the well-known methods of comprehensive health assessment in the world. The method was developed by the World Bank and the World Health Organization. The DALY units and gross domestic product per capita are used for the assessment of the indirect economic damage from premature death of cancer. Aim. To estimate the number of years of life lost (DALY method) and economic losses due to death from cervical, uterine and ovarian cancers in the population of the Tomsk region. Materials and methods. The data of the Tomsk Region Federal State Statistics Service on the mortality of the population of the reporting form C51 Distribution of the dead by sex, age groups and causes of death, data on the sex and age distribution of the population, life expectancy, gross regional product per capita for 2018 of the Tomsk region were used. Results. In 2018, due to the death from gynecological cancer of the population of the Tomsk Region, 1616 DALY units were lost in absolute numbers. Of these, cervical cancer accounts for 44.3% (717 DALY units), uterine corpus cancer accounts for 24.8% (401 DALY units), ovarian cancer accounts for 30.8% (498 DALY units). At working age (1654 years), the absolute losses amounted to 694 DALYs. The economic damage to the Tomsk Region due to the mortality of the population from cancer of the cervix, uterine body and ovaries in 2018 amounted to 918.2 million rubles. Economic losses as a result of mortality from cancer of the cervix amounted to 407.4 million rubles, from cancer of the ovaries 283.0 million rubles, from cancer of the body of the uterus 227.8 million rubles. The economic damage from gynecological cancers in working age amounted to 394.3 million (42.9% of the total economic damage). Conclusion. Determining the socio-economic losses associated with mortality from malignant neoplasms of the female genital organs is necessary for the effective use of health care resources, which can be used to justify the need of the population for oncological care.