Design and Characterization of Nanospray With Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System Using Sinergistic Combination of Melastoma Malabathricum L. Fraction and Gentamicin

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to design a formula using Design-Expert software to obtain optimal Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) formulas and to analyze nanospray characteristics of optimal SNEDDS.
 Methods: The study began with preparing ethanol extract from Melastoma malabathricum. The extract was then fractionated using ethyl acetate. The formulation design stage began with a solubility test of Melastoma malabathricum fraction and gentamicin (MFG) in various surfactants, co-surfactants and oils. Furthermore, the 14 formula of SNEDDS with various compositions of the selected surfactants, co-surfactants and oils were formulated and evaluated with pH response and emulsification time. Analysis was carried out using Design-Expert software with the simplex lattice design method in order to obtain the optimal formula profile. The pH, emulsification time, particle size, and zeta potential of the nanospray from SNEDDS optimal formulas were physically characterized. Stability of SNEDDS and the nanospray was then tested with freeze-thaw cycling and in vitro diffusion studies with Franz diffusion.
 Results: Based on the study, the ratios of optimal formula SNEDDS composition of Tween 80, propylene glycol, and soybean oil were 2.69: 2.64: 1.67 parts. Nanospray with SNEDDS technology had characteristics of pH 5.61±0.16, emulsification time 7.68±0.18, particle size 270.7 nm, and zeta potential-37.20 mV, and it was stable.
 Conclusion: Nanospray can be formulated from optimal SNEDDS using Design-Expert software. Nanospray with SNEDDS technology has physical characteristics and is stable. In vitro diffusion studies revealed that the release of Melastoma malabathricum from nanospray was faster than that without preparation.

The Highest Dosage Combination Activity Screening from the Leaf Fraction of Melastoma malabathricum with Antibiotic Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin

“…Ciprofloxacin showed an MBC value of 65% against E. coli , S. aureus , and B. cereus . Previous studies had shown MBC values of 25 μg/mL, 10-25 μg/mL [ 10 ], and 1.83 μg/mL [ 14 ] against S. aureus , E. coli , and B. cereus . The leaf fraction of M. malabathricum inhibited the growth of S. aureus and B. cereus at a concentration of 35% and of E. coli at a concentration of 55%.…”

“…Previous research has shown the efficacy of the leaf fraction of M. malabathricum in treating wounds. An ointment formulation of an ethanolic extract of M. malabathricum leaf, effective at 5% concentration [9], was applied to mice with injuries, leading to healing without any infection [10].…”

Designing of Novel Topical in Situ Polymeric Film-Forming Solution Spray Formulation of Antifungal Agent: In Vitro Activity and in Vivo Characterization

“…The polymer (X1 Eudragit RS100) and plasticizer (X2 sorbitol) concentrations were chosen as independent variables based on the existing related work. In contrast, (Y1) viscosity and (Y2) DT% as dependent variables were selected and VCZ was a constant value [15,16]. A statistical model is concerned with compositional response (degradation) Equation ( 1).…”

“…The results of the stability study of the optimized VCZ in situ polymeric film formulation (F-5) after one month, two months, and six months at different storage conditions (in the refrigerator (4±2 ᵒC), room temperature (25±2 ᵒC/60±5% RH) and humidity control chamber (45±2 ᵒC/75±5% RH)) are shown in table 16. No noticeable/significant change in the drying time, transparency, stickiness, viscosity, the volume of solution delivered by actuation, density, spray angle, spray pattern, folding endurance, thickness, tensile strength, elongation at break, pH study, and Cumulative Drug Release (CDR) % of the optimized formulation was perceived during the study period; indicating exhibit of good stability by optimized VCZ in situ polymeric film formulation during the study period.…”

Efektivitas SNEDDS Kombinasi Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Cengkodok (Melasthoma malabathricum)-Antibiotik terhadap Bakteri Hasil Isolat dari Pasien Ulkus Diabetik

“…Campuran dikondisikan dalam penangas air pada suhu 40°C selama 10 menit. Proses homogenisasi fraksi dalam carrier dimaksimalkan dengan vortex 1000 rpm selama 15 menit (14). Preparasi SNEDDS kombinasi fraksi etil asetat daun cengkodok Melastoma malabathricum L. dengan Gentamisin SNEDDS dibuat dengan kombinasi Tween 80: Propilenglikol:…”