Pregnancy Rate and Reproductive Disorders Examination of Inseminated Brahman Cross Cows by Rectal Palpation and Ultrasonography

Abstract

Pregnancy is a condition when a fetus began to develop in the uterus of the cow. Early pregnancy detection becomes important as it would determine the success of breeding management as well as to achieve the best productivity. This study aimed to evaluate and observe the pregnancy rate and reproductive disorders of Brahman Cross (BX) cows and compare the results to the Ultrasonography (USG) observation. The materials of the study were 80 BX cows selected through a purposive sampling method with the following criteria: aged 2-3 years, weighed 300-500 kg, has at least calved once and had the body condition score (BCS) at 4-7 (in 1-9 scale). This study was conducted as experimental research, with 40 BX cows were artificially inseminated with Ongole crossbred (PO) semen at 0-2 h interval and the other 40 BX cows were at 8-10 h interval from the estrous detection. All of the BX cows were firstly synchronized with PGF2α (LUTALYSE) and then inseminated with PO semen (>40% motility) as according to the Indonesian standard. The pregnancy rate of the BX cows was observed through rectal palpation and 17β-estradiol hormone observation and further examined for the reproductive disorders by using USG. The obtained data were then analyzed descriptively and the results showed that 0-2 h insemination had a higher success of pregnancy (32.5%) compared to the 8-10 h interval (27.5%). Moreover, the highest 17βestradiol in the inseminated BX cows was at 5,765 ng/ml, while the lowest was at is 0.41 ng/ml. The USG observation showed that 6 BX cows (7%) in this study had a follicular cyst, 2 BX cows (2.25%) had persistent corpus luteum and 1 BX cows (1.25%) had ovarian hypofunction.

Blood Biochemical Profiles and Pregnancy Rate of Brahman Crossbred Cows Supplemented with Mineral Mixture

“…The results obtained were similar to Ervandi et al (2020) that Brahman Crossbred cows fed low-quality feed will produce a low pregnancy rate. Haque et al (2015) also suggested that the variety of feed given to breeding cows (fresh forage, straw and concentrate mixture) increased reproductive hormone, resulting in a better pregnancy percentage.…”

“…Regarding the timing of artificial insemination, Ervandi et al (2020) also performed artificial insemination at almost the same hour (8-10 h after estrous detection); they showed that Brahman cows had a few numbers of pregnancy rate (27.5%, 11/40). In contrast, Sutiyono et al (2018) showed that the others breed cattle, Ongole Grade and Simmental-Ongole Crossbred, had a higher pregnancy rate (70.59 and 50.00%).…”

“…However, this condition did not occur in crossbred cattle using artificial insemination with varying failure rates, according to the composition of the genotype (Diwyanto and Inounu, 2009). Ervandi et al (2020) also examined the pregnancy rate using the ultrasonography observation of Brahman crossbred cows. The results showed that those crossbred cows had several ovarian abnormalities.…”

The Increase of Madura Cows Reproduction Performance with Double-Dose Method of Artificial Insemination

“…Moreover, on T1, Pregnancy failure was in ten cattle, ovary hypofunction in five cattle (50,00%), and corpus luteum persistence in five cattle (50,00%). The result of the research, in line with Ervandi et al (2020), is that the decreased number of NRR in the Conception and Pregnancy Rate in cattle was caused by silent heat, premature embryo, ovary hypofunction, and corpus luteum persistence. Furthermore, the value of Services per Conception (S/C) did not significantly differ (P>0.05) between T0 and T1, while T1 had a lower S/C than T0.…”

The Estrus Character of Successful Artificial Insemination in Holstein Friesian Crossbred Cow

“…The NRR value was obtained by observing lust on days 19-21 and days 40-42 after AI. If there are no signs of lust, it is assumed that she is pregnant and if there are signs of lust, it is assumed that she is not pregnant, a repeat AI will be carried out [7,8].…”