Synthesis and Type I/Type II photosensitizing properties of a novel amphiphilic zinc phthalocyanine

Spectroscopic characterization and aggregation of azine compounds in different media

“…It can be concluded that the introduction of a bulky substituent not only enhanced the lipophilic character of NR, but also prevented its molecular aggregation in solution due to a steric reason, potentially resulting in superior photochemical and photophysical characteristics, which enhanced the PDT properties [39,40]. Nevertheless, these observations contradict the predictions of some authors who argue that increasing the lipophilicity of compounds, causes a rise in their aggregation tendencies [12,41].…”

Synthesis, Separation and UV/Vis Spectroscopy of Pyrazino‐quinoxalino‐porphyrazine Macrocycles

“…[15] This undesirable property can be eliminated by the linear annelation of aromatic rings to the macrocyclic system, thus resulting in tetra [2,3]quinoxalinoporphyrazines or their isomers, tetra [6,7]quinoxalinoporphyrazines (TQP), the aza-analogues of Nc ( Figure 1). The tetra [6,7]quinoxalinoporphyrazines are characterized by a stronger red shift of around 40 nm compared with their corresponding isomers, tetra [2,3]quinoxalinoporphyrazines.…”

“…[15] This undesirable property can be eliminated by the linear annelation of aromatic rings to the macrocyclic system, thus resulting in tetra [2,3]quinoxalinoporphyrazines or their isomers, tetra [6,7]quinoxalinoporphyrazines (TQP), the aza-analogues of Nc ( Figure 1). The tetra [6,7]quinoxalinoporphyrazines are characterized by a stronger red shift of around 40 nm compared with their corresponding isomers, tetra [2,3]quinoxalinoporphyrazines. [11] Tetra [2,3]quinoxalinoporphyrazines have been known for some time, [11,[16][17][18] however, to the best of our knowledge their isomers, which are more suitable from the point of view of the spectral properties, have been investigated in more detail in only one case recently.…”

“…[1] Symmetrically tetra-and octasubstituted Pc have been intensely investigated with respect to their physical properties and they are used in different areas, such as chemical sensors, [2] liquid crystals, [3] photodynamic therapy (PDT) [4][5][6] and laser dyes. [7] In some of these applications, absorption at longer wavelengths is very advantageous, for example, in PDT it enables the depth of the therapeutic intervention to be increased.…”

“…Each benzene ring insertion into the TPP system causes a bathochromic shift of 22 nm; the dependence is linear. The final tetra [6,7]quinoxalinoporphyrazines were red-shifted to 744 and 763 nm for the zinc and metal-free derivative, respectively. Splitting of the Q-band was observed for PQPs with lower symmetry.…”