Synthesis of Novel Dental Nanocomposite Resins by Incorporating Polymerizable, Quaternary Ammonium Silane-Modified Silica Nanoparticles

Abstract

Diverse approaches dealing with the reinforcement of dental composite resins with quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) have been previously reported. This work aims to investigate the physicochemical and mechanical performance of dental resins containing silica nanofillers with novel QAC. Different types of quaternary ammonium silane compounds (QASiC) were initially synthesized and characterized with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Silica nanoparticles were surface modified with the above QASiC and the structure of silanized products (S.QASiC) was confirmed by means of FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained S.QASiC were then incorporated into methacrylate based dental resins. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed a satisfactory dispersion of silica nanoclusters for most of the synthesized nanocomposites. Curing kinetics disclosed a rise in both the autoacceleration effect and degree of conversion mainly induced by shorter QASiC molecules. Polymerization shrinkage was found to be influenced by the particular type of S.QASiC. The flexural modulus and strength of composites were increased by 74% and 19%, while their compressive strength enhancement reached up to 19% by adding 22 wt% S.QASiC nanoparticles. These findings might contribute to the proper design of multifunctional dental materials able to meet the contemporary challenges in clinical practice.

Tests of Dental Properties of Composite Materials Containing Nanohybrid Filler

“…For samples 3, 4, and 1, the band present in this area is distinct and relatively narrow, a band of stretching vibrations of the amino group. It is single, so a secondary amino group functions in the molecule [48]. For sample 2, the bar in this area is shifted towards higher frequencies; it is also much more blurred; this band corresponds to the stretching vibrations of the hydroxyl group present in the structure of the molecules.…”

Ar-O 2 plasma treatment of polyvinyl chloride surface enhanced antimicrobial properties of quaternary ammonium coating

“…These peak intensities exhibited no signi cant differences, attributed to the fact that the depth of FTIR detection is approximately 1 micrometer, which is signi cantly greater than that of the plasma graft groups, which extend only a few nanometers. Upon applying QAC coating to plasma-treated PVC samples, we observed the O-H characteristic stretching vibration band at 3374 cm − 1 , as well as C-H stretching vibration peaks at 2920 cm − 1 , 2850 cm − 1 , 1633 cm − 1 , and 1467 cm − 1 , along with the Si-O-Si stretching vibration band at 1089 cm − 1 [73][74]. The presence of the O-H band indicates the existence of a silicon hydroxyl group in the QAC coating, while the C-H peaks correspond to octadecyl alkyl carbon chains.…”

Recent Update on Applications of Quaternary Ammonium Silane as an Antibacterial Biomaterial: A Novel Drug Delivery Approach in Dentistry

“…Addition of silica nanoparticles improved the flexural strength and compressive strength. Polymerization shrinkage was reduced by addition of nanoparticles (Nikolaidis et al, 2021).…”