Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ-TR)

Arslantaş, Hülya; Dereboy, Ferhan; Yüksel, Rüveyda; İnalkaç, Seher

doi:10.5080/u23520

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The EEQ was used to assess emotional eating behaviour in individuals. The questionnaire developed by Garaulet et al (47) has been proven to be valid in Turkish for individuals over 20 years of age (48) . With the highest score obtained from the scale is '30', higher scores indicate higher emotional eating behaviours (47,48) .…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Body Mass Index, Emotional Eating and Perceived Stress during COVID-19 Partial Quarantine in Healthy Adults

Barcın‐Güzeldere

Devrim-Lanpir

2021

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: We investigated emotional eating behaviours and perceived stress during COVID-19 partial quarantine according to BMI levels in healthy adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: An online survey included demographic variables, eating attitude-related questions, Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ), and Perceived Stress Score-14 (PSS-14) was sent via online data collection platform. Self-reported weight, height and weight changes during the quarantine were also collected. Participants: A total of 506 people age between 20-65 years who were partially quarantined due to COVID-19 participated in this study. Results: Body mass index (BMI) was positively correlated with EEQ (r= 0,205, p=0,001). However, BMI was negatively linked with PSS-14 during COVID-19 (r= −0,125, p=0,001), indicating that participants with lower BMI had higher perceived stress during COVID-19. Participants gained weight during the lockdown situation (+1.20 ± 1.70 kg in men; +0.91 ± 1.40 kg in women). EEQ and PSS-14 scores of women found to be significantly higher than men (9.39 ± 5.37 in men vs. 11.17 ± 5.85 in women for EEQ; 24.67 ± 8.32 in men, vs. 27.99 ± 7.34 in women for PSS-14. Obese participants consumed sweetened and carbonated drinks two-fold more in those compared to other participants. Conclusion: These findings suggest that partial quarantine may be closely related to emotional eating and weight gain, and participants with higher BMI showed more emotional eating behaviours. Therefore, certain precautions should be considered beforehand in order not to cause long-term eating disorder problems.

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Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Body Mass Index, Emotional Eating and Perceived Stress during COVID-19 Partial Quarantine in Healthy Adults

Barcın‐Güzeldere

Devrim-Lanpir

2021

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Emotional Eating Questionnaire (EEQ) was developed by Garaulet et al (2012) to determine emotional eating behaviors. Arslantaş, Dereboy, Yüksel, and İnalkaç (2020) adapted the instrument into Turkish and conducted validity and reliability studies. It is a 4-point Likert type instrument (0=Never, 1=Sometimes, 2=Generally, and 3=Always), including ten items and three sub-dimensions ("disinhibition," "type of food," and "guilt").…”

Section: Data Collection Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Mental Toughness and Emotional Eating: The Example of a Female Wrestler

Güvendi

Keskin²,

KABASAKAL³

et al. 2022

EDU

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Emotional eating is the act of eating to cope with stress and pressure, and it is assumed that this behavior increases as the level of self-control decreases. Several factors, including anxiety about winning and fear of injury, can cause stress in athletes. An athlete’s high mental toughness is closely related to their ability to easily cope with such stress factors. It is still a matter of curiosity how negative psychological factors affect emotional eating in athletes with low mental toughness. This study investigated the relationship between emotional eating and mental toughness in female wrestlers. Emotional Eating Questionnaire and Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire were applied to 69 female wrestlers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation tests. It was found that the participants were low emotional eaters and accepted all of the mental toughness sub-dimensions. There was a significant difference in emotional eating total score and “disinhibition" score according to nationality status (p<0.05). The findings suggested a positive and significant relationship between sub-dimensions of emotional eating and sub-dimensions of mental toughness (p<0.05). It was concluded that national female wrestlers tended to eat more emotionally than non-national athletes and had more difficulty preventing the urge to eat. As female wrestlers’ mental toughness levels increased, they tended to eat emotionally and felt guilty about eating.

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“…Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale is 0.70. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish adaptation of the scale was carried out by Arslantas et al 24 . In 2019, the alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.84 for the entire scale.…”

Section: Measurement Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High scores indicate high emotional eating behavior. The classification of the scale is as follows: Scores between 0 and 5 indicate the status of "not being emotional eater," scores indicate "being emotional eater," and scores between 21 and 30 indicate being "very emotional eater" 24 .…”

Section: Measurement Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effect of Emotional Eating Developed During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthy Nutrition, a Vicious Circle: A cross-sectional descriptive study

Özcan

Yeşilkaya

2021

Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet

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Introduction: Because of the new type of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) seen worldwide, many countries have a difficult time both in terms of health and economy. It is thought that infection and fear of death owing to the disease may cause a disturbance in the individuals’ psychology. Moreover, precautions such as social distancing and quarantine to prevent the spread of the disease and the prolongation of these interventions may further aggravate the conditions, such as mood disorders and stress. This study was aimed to determine the emotional eating status of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine its effect on a healthy eating attitude.Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study with a total number of 578 adults without COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment (422 [73%] women, 156 [27%] men). The study was conducted using the Google Forms web survey platform. The link to the survey was shared via WhatsApp and Instagram. The participants were asked to share the study link to reach out to as many potential participants as possible throughout the nation using the method known as snowball sampling. A questionnaire form which includes sociodemographic characteristics, the Turkish version of the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ-TR), and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) were applied to the participants. EEQ-TR and ASHN forms were answered twice, retrospectively for the pre-COVID period and prospectively during the COVID period.Results: While average emotional eating scores increased compared to pre-COVID-19 scores, individuals shifted from low-level emotional eaters to emotional eaters (p < 0.000). On the other hand, the average ASHN scores decreased, and individuals shifted from the middle-level healthy eating attitude to a low level (p < 0.000). As the quarantine period increased, emotional eating, body weight, and body mass index (BMI) increased, and healthy eating attitude decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Individuals’ emotional eating increased due to social distancing, self-quarantine, or isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes are found to be effective in healthy eating in a negative way. Long-term unhealthy eating is not recommended for people’s health. Therefore, it is necessary to inform individuals about stress management, healthy nutrition, the importance of regular exercise, and sleep patterns.

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Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ-TR)

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

The Association Between Body Mass Index, Emotional Eating and Perceived Stress during COVID-19 Partial Quarantine in Healthy Adults

The Association Between Body Mass Index, Emotional Eating and Perceived Stress during COVID-19 Partial Quarantine in Healthy Adults

The Relationship of Mental Toughness and Emotional Eating: The Example of a Female Wrestler

Adverse Effect of Emotional Eating Developed During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthy Nutrition, a Vicious Circle: A cross-sectional descriptive study

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