Velocity profile of turbulent sediment-laden flows in open-channels

Zhong, Dan; Zhang, Lei; Wang, Baosheng; Wang, Yongqiang

doi:10.1016/j.ijsrc.2014.09.005

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the experiments, coarse sand (with a diameter of d = 1.3 mm) was used for runs S-2 and S-3, and medium sand ( = 0.94 mm) for runs S-8 and S-9 in Einstein and Chien [27], while 1965EQ ( = 0.19 mm) and 2565EQ ( = 0.24 mm) were in Lyn [26]. Details of the experiments can be found in the related references [17,18,47]. The comparison results of different vertical distribution formulas in fitting the experimental data are drawn in Figures 4-6.…”

Section: Comparison and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Distribution of Suspended Sediment under Steady Flow: Existing Theories and Fractional Derivative Model

Nie

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2017

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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The fractional advection-diffusion equation (fADE) model is a new approach to describe the vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration in steady turbulent flow. However, the advantages and parameter definition of the fADE model in describing the sediment suspension distribution are still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, this study first reviews seven models, including the fADE model, for the vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration in steady turbulent flow. The fADE model, among others, describes both Fickian and non-Fickian diffusive characteristics of suspended sediment, while the other six models assume that the vertical diffusion of suspended sediment follows Fick’s first law. Second, this study explores the sensitivity of the fractional index of the fADE model to the variation of particle sizes and sediment settling velocities, based on experimental data collected from the literatures. Finally, empirical formulas are developed to relate the fractional derivative order to particle size and sediment settling velocity. These formulas offer river engineers a substitutive way to estimate the fractional derivative order in the fADE model.

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Section: Comparison and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Distribution of Suspended Sediment under Steady Flow: Existing Theories and Fractional Derivative Model

Nie

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2017

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society

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“…Despite having a large number of larvae in the flume at a single time, the larvae were spread around the flume and not in sufficient density to cause substantial alterations to the flow. It is known that densely laden flows can experience turbulence modulation due to the particles traveling within the flow (Bennett et al., 2013; Best et al., 1997; Szupiany et al., 2012; Zhong et al., 2015), but in the case of grass carp larvae, recent studies have shown that their presence does not measurably change the averaged turbulent kinetic energy in the flow (Li et al., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Turbulence to Identify Preferential Areas for Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Larvae in Streams: A Laboratory Study

Prada

George

Stahlschmidt

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

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In this experimental series, we studied the swimming capabilities and response of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) larvae to flow turbulence in a laboratory flume. We compared three different experimental configurations, representing in‐stream obstructions commonly found in natural streams (e.g., a gravel bump, a single vertical cylinder, and patches of submerged rigid vegetation). Grass carp larvae (postgas bladder emergence) were introduced to each experimental configuration and subjected to a variety of hydrodynamic forces of different magnitudes and scales. We varied the flow velocities and water depths and found ranges of turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stresses that triggered a response in larval trajectories, identified by measured horizontal and vertical swimming speeds for each flow condition. Larvae apparently actively avoided areas with increased levels of turbulence by swimming away, moving faster in short bursts, and expending more energy. In addition to the magnitude of turbulent kinetic energy, the length scale and time scale of turbulent eddies also influenced the larvae response. These findings support the development of new strategies for controlling the spread of grass carp larvae in rivers, as well as the development of numerical tools incorporating active swimming capabilities to predict larval transport in streams.

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“…There are two main methods to obtain the suspended sediment concentration profile, namely solving the two-phase mixing equation or sediment convection-diffusion equation. Zhong et al (2015) and Fu et al (2005) obtained the velocity and sediment concentration distribution by solving the two-phase mixing equation. However, most studies on sediment concentration distribution are based on solving the following sediment convection-diffusion equation (Lyn, 2006;Cheng et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the vertical low suspended sediment concentration in vegetated flow using a random displacement model

Huai

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Journal of Hydrology

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Highlights:1. The validity of random displacement model (RDM) to simulate suspended sediment concentration is verified.2. A concept of integrated sediment diffusion coefficient, which is equal to a coefficient  multiplied by turbulent diffusion coefficient, is introduced to study the dispersion and diffusion in vegetated flow.3. Results show that  in flow with submerged canopy is larger than that in emergent canopy flow.

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Velocity profile of turbulent sediment-laden flows in open-channels

Cited by 18 publications

References 53 publications

Vertical Distribution of Suspended Sediment under Steady Flow: Existing Theories and Fractional Derivative Model

Vertical Distribution of Suspended Sediment under Steady Flow: Existing Theories and Fractional Derivative Model

Using Turbulence to Identify Preferential Areas for Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Larvae in Streams: A Laboratory Study

Predicting the vertical low suspended sediment concentration in vegetated flow using a random displacement model

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