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Objective: To assess three machine learning (ML) attribute extraction methods: radiomic, semantic and radiomic-semantic association on temporomandibular disorder (TMD) detection using infrared thermography (IT); and to determine which ML classifier, KNN, SVM and MLP, is the most efficient for this purpose. Methods and materials: 78 patients were selected by applying the Fonseca questionnaire and RDC/TMD to categorize control patients (37) and TMD patients (41). IT lateral projections of each patient were acquired. The masseter and temporal muscles were selected as regions of interest (ROI) for attribute extraction. Three methods of extracting attributes were assessed: radiomic, semantic and radiomic-semantic association. For radiomic attribute extraction, 20 texture attributes were assessed using co-occurrence matrix in a standardized angulation of 0°. The semantic features were the ROI mean temperature and pain intensity data. For radiomic-semantic association, a single dataset composed of 28 features was assessed. The classification algorithms assessed were KNN, SVM and MLP. Hopkins’s statistic, Shapiro–Wilk, ANOVA and Tukey tests were used to assess data. The significance level was set at 5% (p < 0.05). Results: Training and testing accuracy values differed statistically for the radiomic-semantic association (p = 0.003). MLP differed from the other classifiers for the radiomic-semantic association (p = 0.004). Accuracy, precision and sensitivity values of semantic and radiomic-semantic association differed statistically from radiomic features (p = 0.008, p = 0.016 and p = 0.013). Conclusion: Semantic and radiomic-semantic-associated ML feature extraction methods and MLP classifier should be chosen for TMD detection using IT images and pain scale data. IT associated with ML presents promising results for TMD detection.

Low-level laser therapy has been widely used in treating many conditions, including oral mucositis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of oral mucositis in patients undergoing antineoplastic therapy submitted to preventive and therapeutic treatment with low-level laser therapy. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 51 children and adolescents of both sexes with malignant neoplasias who developed oral mucositis and underwent low-level laser therapy. Data were collected on sex, age, type and degree of neoplasia, region affected, and remission time. 64.7% of the patients were male and were between 3 and 6 years of age (39.2%). Acute lymphoid leukemia was the most frequent neoplasm (37.3%). Regarding the maximum oral mucositis, grade 2 (41.2%) was predominant, with jugal mucosa (29.9%) and tongue (17.7%) being the most affected regions. The majority of cases presented lesion remission time between 4 and 7 days (44.0%). Most patients were young, male, and diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia. Predominance of grade 2 oral mucositis was observed, with jugal mucosa and tongue being the most affected regions, with the majority of cases presenting lesion remission time between 4 and 7 days. Low-level laser therapy has been shown to be an essential therapy in the prevention and treatment of these lesions, since it is a non-invasive and low-cost method.

Introdução: No contexto da cirurgia bucomaxilofacial, a exodontia de terceiros molares é um dos procedimentos mais comuns e diversas são as suas indicações. Sua realização pode causar diversas complicações pós-operatórias, como lesão no nervo alveolar inferior (NAI). Para evitar essas complicações, os exames de imagem pré-operatórios se tornam indispensáveis para um procedimento de sucesso. Objetivo: Apresentar, por meio de um relato de caso, a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) como exame complementar norteador em exodontia de terceiro molar semi-incluso e impactado próximo ao canal mandibular. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 20 anos de idade, apresentou-se para exodontia de terceiros molares com finalidade ortodôntica. Na análise radiográfica inicial, o dente 38 apresentava-se semi-incluso e impactado em mesio-inclinação, próximo ao dente 37 e com íntima relação com ocanal mandibular. A TCFC revelou que o trajeto do canal mandibular passava por vestibular das raízes do 38 e havia compartilhamento da cortical do canal com a cortical alveolar em ambas as raízes. Após as exodontias, foram feitas as suturas e prescrição de antibiótico e antiinflamatório, além de recomendações pós-operatórias para a paciente. Decorridos oito dias após a cirurgia, a paciente retornou para remoção das suturas, sem apresentar queixas em relação ao pós-operatório. Conclusão: O uso de exames de imagem, como a radiografia panorâmica e a TCFC, permitiu a visualização completa e precisa das estruturas anatômicas para que assim o procedimento fosse concluído sem implicações trans e pós-operatórias negativas.Descritores: Cirurgia Bucal; Dente Impactado; Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico.

Ranulas are mucoceles located on the floor of the mouth. The main form of treatment for these lesions is surgical excision, but this can lead to complications such as hemorrhage, recurrence of the lesion, and damage to the lingual nerve. Thus, other therapeutic modalities are indicated, such as modified micromarsupialization, which is a simple technique and not associated with recurrences, and without the need of a new intervention in the postoperative period. An 11-year-old female child, nonwhite, presented with bubble-shaped lesion located on floor of the mouth, on the left side, with exophytic growth, sessile base, bluish coloration, measuring about 4.0 cm in diameter, showing well-defined limits, well-delimited contours and borders, smooth surface, and softened consistency. Under the diagnostic hypothesis of the ranula, a modified micromarsupialization was performed. After 90 days of observation, complete regression and repair of the lesion were observed, without recurrence. Modified micromarsupialization is a simple therapeutic modality, low cost, and well-tolerated by the patient, mainly the pediatric one, being considered very effective in the treatment of lesions of difficult clinical management, as the ranula.